Using an Http Proxy - Python

Using an HTTP PROXY - Python

You can do it even without the HTTP_PROXY environment variable. Try this sample:

import urllib2

proxy_support = urllib2.ProxyHandler({"http":"http://61.233.25.166:80"})
opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_support)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)

html = urllib2.urlopen("http://www.google.com").read()
print html

In your case it really seems that the proxy server is refusing the connection.

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Something more to try:

import urllib2

#proxy = "61.233.25.166:80"
proxy = "YOUR_PROXY_GOES_HERE"

proxies = {"http":"http://%s" % proxy}
url = "http://www.google.com/search?q=test"
headers={'User-agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0'}

proxy_support = urllib2.ProxyHandler(proxies)
opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_support, urllib2.HTTPHandler(debuglevel=1))
urllib2.install_opener(opener)

req = urllib2.Request(url, None, headers)
html = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()
print html

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Edit 2014:
This seems to be a popular question / answer. However today I would use third party requests module instead.

For one request just do:

import requests

r = requests.get("http://www.google.com", 
                 proxies={"http": "http://61.233.25.166:80"})
print(r.text)

For multiple requests use Session object so you do not have to add proxies parameter in all your requests:

import requests

s = requests.Session()
s.proxies = {"http": "http://61.233.25.166:80"}

r = s.get("http://www.google.com")
print(r.text)

How to apply proxy with authentication using http.client for API

I ended up using the requests package, they make it very simple to channel your request through a proxy, sample code below for reference:

import requests

proxies = {
    'http':  f"http://username:pwd@webproxy.subdomain.website.com:8080",
    'https': f"https://username:pwd@webproxy.subdomain.website.com:8080"
}
url = 'https://api.cognitive.microsoft.com/bing/v7.0/entities/'
# query string parameters

params = 'mkt=' + 'en-US' + '&q=' + urllib.parse.quote (query)

# custom headers
headers = {'Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key': subscriptionKey}

#start session
session = requests.Session()
#persist proxy across request
session.proxies = proxies

# make GET request
r = session.get(url, params=params, headers=headers)

Creating an HTTPS proxy server in Python

The problem is actually not related to SSL at all but caused by a misunderstanding of how a HTTP proxy for HTTPS works. Such a proxy is not doing SSL at all. It is instead just used to create a tunnel to the final server and the client then creates the HTTPS connection trough this tunnel, keeping the end-to-end encryption this way.

The tunnel itself is created using the HTTP CONNECT method. And this is exactly what you are getting here on your SSL socket:

 ssl.SSLError: [SSL: HTTPS_PROXY_REQUEST] https proxy request (_ssl.c:1108)
                                          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

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