Sql: Real Transpose

Simple way to transpose columns and rows in SQL?

There are several ways that you can transform this data. In your original post, you stated that PIVOT seems too complex for this scenario, but it can be applied very easily using both the UNPIVOT and PIVOT functions in SQL Server.

However, if you do not have access to those functions this can be replicated using UNION ALL to UNPIVOT and then an aggregate function with a CASE statement to PIVOT:

Create Table:

CREATE TABLE yourTable([color] varchar(5), [Paul] int, [John] int, [Tim] int, [Eric] int);

INSERT INTO yourTable
    ([color], [Paul], [John], [Tim], [Eric])
VALUES
    ('Red', 1, 5, 1, 3),
    ('Green', 8, 4, 3, 5),
    ('Blue', 2, 2, 9, 1);

Union All, Aggregate and CASE Version:

select name,
  sum(case when color = 'Red' then value else 0 end) Red,
  sum(case when color = 'Green' then value else 0 end) Green,
  sum(case when color = 'Blue' then value else 0 end) Blue
from
(
  select color, Paul value, 'Paul' name
  from yourTable
  union all
  select color, John value, 'John' name
  from yourTable
  union all
  select color, Tim value, 'Tim' name
  from yourTable
  union all
  select color, Eric value, 'Eric' name
  from yourTable
) src
group by name

See SQL Fiddle with Demo

The UNION ALL performs the UNPIVOT of the data by transforming the columns Paul, John, Tim, Eric into separate rows. Then you apply the aggregate function sum() with the case statement to get the new columns for each color.

Unpivot and Pivot Static Version:

Both the UNPIVOT and PIVOT functions in SQL server make this transformation much easier. If you know all of the values that you want to transform, you can hard-code them into a static version to get the result:

select name, [Red], [Green], [Blue]
from
(
  select color, name, value
  from yourtable
  unpivot
  (
    value for name in (Paul, John, Tim, Eric)
  ) unpiv
) src
pivot
(
  sum(value)
  for color in ([Red], [Green], [Blue])
) piv

See SQL Fiddle with Demo

The inner query with the UNPIVOT performs the same function as the UNION ALL. It takes the list of columns and turns it into rows, the PIVOT then performs the final transformation into columns.

Dynamic Pivot Version:

If you have an unknown number of columns (Paul, John, Tim, Eric in your example) and then an unknown number of colors to transform you can use dynamic sql to generate the list to UNPIVOT and then PIVOT:

DECLARE @colsUnpivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @colsPivot as  NVARCHAR(MAX)

select @colsUnpivot = stuff((select ','+quotename(C.name)
         from sys.columns as C
         where C.object_id = object_id('yourtable') and
               C.name <> 'color'
         for xml path('')), 1, 1, '')

select @colsPivot = STUFF((SELECT  ',' 
                      + quotename(color)
                    from yourtable t
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')

set @query 
  = 'select name, '+@colsPivot+'
      from
      (
        select color, name, value
        from yourtable
        unpivot
        (
          value for name in ('+@colsUnpivot+')
        ) unpiv
      ) src
      pivot
      (
        sum(value)
        for color in ('+@colsPivot+')
      ) piv'

exec(@query)

See SQL Fiddle with Demo

The dynamic version queries both yourtable and then the sys.columns table to generate the list of items to UNPIVOT and PIVOT. This is then added to a query string to be executed. The plus of the dynamic version is if you have a changing list of colors and/or names this will generate the list at run-time.

All three queries will produce the same result:

| NAME | RED | GREEN | BLUE |
-----------------------------
| Eric |   3 |     5 |    1 |
| John |   5 |     4 |    2 |
| Paul |   1 |     8 |    2 |
|  Tim |   1 |     3 |    9 |

SQL: Real Transpose

I am unsure why you think you cannot accomplish this with an UNPIVOT and a PIVOT:

select [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
from 
(
  select *
  from
  (
    select col1, col2, col3,
      row_number() over(order by col1) rn
    from yourtable
  ) x
  unpivot
  (
    val for col in (col1, col2, col3)
  ) u
) x1
pivot
(
  max(val)
  for rn in ([1], [2], [3], [4], [5])
) p

See SQL Fiddle with Demo. This could also be performed dynamically if needed.

Edit, if the column order needs to be kept, then you can use something like this, which applies the row_number() without using a order by on one of the columns in your table (here is an article about using non-deterministic row numbers):

select [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
from 
(
  select *
  from
  (
    select col1, col2, col3,
      row_number() 
        over(order by (select 1)) rn
    from yourtable
  ) x
  unpivot
  (
    val for col in (col1, col2, col3)
  ) u
) x1
pivot
(
  max(val)
  for rn in ([1], [2], [3], [4], [5])
) p;

See SQL Fiddle with Demo

transposed with one select sql

You can use dense_rank() in a subquery to enumerate the plateno (or plateno/desc combination) and then use conditional aggregation for those columns:

SELECT t1.licence_no,
       MAX(CASE WHEN seqnum = 1 THEN t1.plateno END) as plateno_1,
       MAX(CASE WHEN seqnum = 1 THEN t1.desc END) as desc_1,
       MAX(CASE WHEN seqnum = 2 THEN t1.plateno END) as plateno_2,
       MAX(CASE WHEN seqnum = 2 THEN t1.desc END) as desc_2,
       MAX(CASE WHEN axle_no = 1 THEN axle_dist ELSE NULL END) AS axle_dist_1,
       MAX(CASE WHEN axle_no = 2 THEN axle_dist ELSE NULL END) AS axle_dist_2,
       MAX(CASE WHEN axle_no = 3 THEN axle_dist ELSE NULL END) AS axle_dist_3,
       MAX(CASE WHEN axle_no = 4 THEN axle_dist ELSE NULL END) AS axle_dist_4,
       MAX(CASE WHEN axle_no = 5 THEN axle_dist ELSE NULL END) AS axle_dist_5
from (select1 t1.*,
              dense_rank() over (partition by license_no order by plateno) as seqnum
      from table1 t1
     ) t1
group t1.licence_no;

SQL transpose full table

In order to transpose the data into the result that you want, you will need to use both the UNPIVOT and the PIVOT functions.

The UNPIVOT function takes the A and B columns and converts the results into rows. Then you will use the PIVOT function to transform the day values into columns:

select *
from
(
  select day, col, value
  from yourtable
  unpivot
  (
    value
    for col in (A, B)
  ) unpiv
) src
pivot
(
  max(value)
  for day in (Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri)
) piv

See SQL Fiddle with Demo.

If you are using SQL Server 2008+, then you can use CROSS APPLY with VALUES to unpivot the data. You code would be changed to the following:

select *
from
(
  select day, col, value
  from yourtable
  cross apply
  (
    values ('A', A),('B', B)
  ) c (col, value)
) src
pivot
(
  max(value)
  for day in (Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri)
) piv

See SQL Fiddle with Demo.

Edit #1, applying your current query into the above solution you will use something similar to this:

select *
from
(
  select LEFT(datename(dw,datetime),3) as DateWeek,
    col, 
    value
  from DataTable 
  cross apply 
  (
    values ('A', ACalls), ('B', BCalls)
  ) c (col, value)
) src
pivot
(
  sum(value)
  for dateweek in (Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri)
) piv

SQL - Transpose one column of data into a row

You can use PIVOT for this, e.g.:

;WITH src AS
(
  SELECT ClientGUID, DxCode,
    rn = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY ClientGUID ORDER BY @@SPID)
  FROM dbo.ClientDxCodes
  -- WHERE ClientGUID = 12345
)
SELECT ClientGUID, DxCode1 = [1], DxCode2  = [2], DxCode3 = [3],
    DxCode4 = [4], DxCode5 = [5], DxCode6  = [6], DxCode7 = [7],
    DxCode8 = [8], DxCode9 = [9], DxCode10 = [10]
FROM src
PIVOT 
(
  MAX(DxCode) 
  FOR rn IN ([1],[2],[3],[4],[5],[6],[7],[8],[9],[10])
) AS p;

Output:

--Can have more columns like A,B,...
DECLARE @tbl TABLE
(
TOTAL INT,
CHARGE FLOAT,
PAYMENT FLOAT,
MONTHYEAR VARCHAR(50)
)

--Test data
INSERT INTO @tbl SELECT 661, 157832.24, 82967.80, 'Oct2013'
INSERT INTO @tbl SELECT 612,     95030.52,    17824.28, 'Nov2013'
INSERT INTO @tbl SELECT 584     ,90256.35,    16732.91, 'Dec2013'

--Can be a physical table
CREATE TABLE #FinalTbl 
(
DATA VARCHAR(100)
)

--inserted hardcode records in data column. To add it dynamically you would need to loop through information_schema.columns
--SELECT *
--FROM information_schema.columns
--WHERE table_name = 'tbl_name'
INSERT INTO #FinalTbl
VALUES ('TOTAL')

INSERT INTO #FinalTbl
VALUES ('CHARGE')

INSERT INTO #FinalTbl
VALUES ('PAYMENT')

DECLARE @StartCount INT, @TotalCount INT, @Query VARCHAR(5000), @TOTAL INT,@CHARGE FLOAT,@PAYMENT FLOAT,@MONTHYEAR VARCHAR(50)

SELECT @TotalCount = COUNT(*) FROM @tbl;
SET @StartCount = 1;

WHILE(@StartCount <= @TotalCount)
BEGIN
    SELECT @TOTAL = TOTAL, 
    @CHARGE = CHARGE,
    @PAYMENT = PAYMENT,
    @MONTHYEAR = MONTHYEAR  
    FROM
    (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() over(ORDER BY MONTHYEAR) AS ROWNUM, * FROM @tbl) as tbl
    WHERE ROWNUM = @StartCount

    SELECT @Query = 'ALTER TABLE #FinalTbl ADD ' + @MONTHYEAR + ' VARCHAR(1000)'
    EXEC (@Query)

    SELECT @Query = 'UPDATE #FinalTbl SET ' + @MONTHYEAR + ' = ''' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(50), @TOTAL) + ''' WHERE DATA = ''TOTAL'''
    EXEC (@Query)

    SELECT @Query = 'UPDATE #FinalTbl SET ' + @MONTHYEAR + ' = ''' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(50), @CHARGE) + ''' WHERE DATA = ''CHARGE'''
    EXEC (@Query)

    SELECT @Query = 'UPDATE #FinalTbl SET ' + @MONTHYEAR + ' = ''' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(50), @PAYMENT) + ''' WHERE DATA = ''PAYMENT'''
    EXEC (@Query)

    SELECT @StartCount = @StartCount + 1
END

SELECT * FROM #FinalTbl

DROP TABLE #FinalTbl

SELECT GOOD2,
       NAME,
       MAX(CASE WHEN [TYPE] = 'BF' THEN VALUE END) BQTY,
       MAX(CASE WHEN [TYPE] = 'RC' THEN VALUE END) BQTY,
       MAX(CASE WHEN [TYPE] = 'ISU' THEN VALUE END) BQTY,
       MAX(CASE WHEN [TYPE] = 'CF' THEN VALUE END) BQTY
FROM   TABLE1
GROUP BY
       GOOD2,
       NAME