How to Parse Url # Fragments with Query Items in Swift

How to parse URL with # in Swift?

The problem you're running into is that # isn't part of the path but introducing a new component of the URL, stored in url.fragment. It's similar to if you had https://example.com/foo/?test=/bar. ?test= isn't a path component but the beginning of the query.

You have two approaches you can take.

If https://something.com/room/order/12345555/product/543333?is_correct=true and https://something.com/room/#/order/12345555/product/543333?is_correct=true can be used interchangeably, as in viewing either page in the browser will land you on the same page, you could have a sanitizing step in your process:

var rawUrl = ...
var sanitizedUrl = url.replacingOccurrences(of: "/#/", with: "/")
var url = URL(string: url)

How much sanitization you do depends on your application. It could be that you only want to do (of: "/room/#/", with: "/room/")

Another option, if you know your fragment will always look like a partial URL would be to pass the fragment into URL:

let url = URL(string: rawUrl)!
let fragmentUrl = URL(string: url.fragment!, relativeTo: url)!

let fullPathComponents = url.pathComponents + fragmentUrl.pathComponents[1...];
var query = fragmentUrl.query

The above approach yields: ["/", "room", "order", "12345555", "product", "543333"] for the joined URL.

Which approach and how much sanitization you do will depend on your use-case.

Get the value of URL Parameters

You can use the below code to get the param

func getQueryStringParameter(url: String, param: String) -> String? {
  guard let url = URLComponents(string: url) else { return nil }
  return url.queryItems?.first(where: { $0.name == param })?.value
}

Call the method like let test1 = getQueryStringParameter(url, param: "test1")

Other method with extension:

extension URL {
    public var queryParameters: [String: String]? {
        guard
            let components = URLComponents(url: self, resolvingAgainstBaseURL: true),
            let queryItems = components.queryItems else { return nil }
        return queryItems.reduce(into: [String: String]()) { (result, item) in
            result[item.name] = item.value
        }
    }
}

Parse NSURL query property

Something like that:

NSMutableDictionary *params = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
for (NSString *param in [url componentsSeparatedByString:@"&"]) {
  NSArray *elts = [param componentsSeparatedByString:@"="];
  if([elts count] < 2) continue;
  [params setObject:[elts lastObject] forKey:[elts firstObject]];
}

Note : This is sample code. All error cases are not managed.

iOS: parse a URL into segments

NSURL has a method pathComponents, which returns an array with all the different path components. That should help you get the integer part. To get the name I'd use the host method of the NSURL. The docs say, that it should work if the URL is properly formatted, might as well give it a try then.

All in all, no need to convert into a string, there seems to be plenty of methods to work out the components of the URL from the NSURL object itself.

Get fragments of URI in Vapor

URI fragments are only for the client. Your Vapor server doesn't even receive them. If you want to send the data in the fragment to your server, you should either use query parameters directly, or you'll need to parse the fragment in the client (i.e. JavaScript if this is a web app) and pass them to the server some other way.

From Wikipedia:

Fragments depend on the document MIME type and are evaluated by the client (Web browser). Clients are not supposed to send URI-fragments to servers when they retrieve a document

Swift - encode URL

Swift 3

In Swift 3 there is addingPercentEncoding

let originalString = "test/test"
let escapedString = originalString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlHostAllowed)
print(escapedString!)

Output:

test%2Ftest

Swift 1

In iOS 7 and above there is stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters

var originalString = "test/test"
var escapedString = originalString.stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(.URLHostAllowedCharacterSet())
println("escapedString: \(escapedString)")

Output:

test%2Ftest

The following are useful (inverted) character sets:

URLFragmentAllowedCharacterSet  "#%<>[\]^`{|}
URLHostAllowedCharacterSet      "#%/<>?@\^`{|}
URLPasswordAllowedCharacterSet  "#%/:<>?@[\]^`{|}
URLPathAllowedCharacterSet      "#%;<>?[\]^`{|}
URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet     "#%<>[\]^`{|}
URLUserAllowedCharacterSet      "#%/:<>?@[\]^`

If you want a different set of characters to be escaped create a set:

Example with added "=" character:

var originalString = "test/test=42"
var customAllowedSet =  NSCharacterSet(charactersInString:"=\"#%/<>?@\\^`{|}").invertedSet
var escapedString = originalString.stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(customAllowedSet)
println("escapedString: \(escapedString)")

Output:

test%2Ftest%3D42

Example to verify ascii characters not in the set:

func printCharactersInSet(set: NSCharacterSet) {
    var characters = ""
    let iSet = set.invertedSet
    for i: UInt32 in 32..<127 {
        let c = Character(UnicodeScalar(i))
        if iSet.longCharacterIsMember(i) {
            characters = characters + String(c)
        }
    }
    print("characters not in set: \'\(characters)\'")
}

How to escape hash character in URL

Percent encoding. Replace the hash with %23.

Is there any method to get the URL without query string?

Try this:

let path = window.location.href.split('?')[0]
console.log({path})