SQL - How to Transpose

Simple way to transpose columns and rows in SQL?

There are several ways that you can transform this data. In your original post, you stated that PIVOT seems too complex for this scenario, but it can be applied very easily using both the UNPIVOT and PIVOT functions in SQL Server.

However, if you do not have access to those functions this can be replicated using UNION ALL to UNPIVOT and then an aggregate function with a CASE statement to PIVOT:

Create Table:

CREATE TABLE yourTable([color] varchar(5), [Paul] int, [John] int, [Tim] int, [Eric] int);

INSERT INTO yourTable
    ([color], [Paul], [John], [Tim], [Eric])
VALUES
    ('Red', 1, 5, 1, 3),
    ('Green', 8, 4, 3, 5),
    ('Blue', 2, 2, 9, 1);

Union All, Aggregate and CASE Version:

select name,
  sum(case when color = 'Red' then value else 0 end) Red,
  sum(case when color = 'Green' then value else 0 end) Green,
  sum(case when color = 'Blue' then value else 0 end) Blue
from
(
  select color, Paul value, 'Paul' name
  from yourTable
  union all
  select color, John value, 'John' name
  from yourTable
  union all
  select color, Tim value, 'Tim' name
  from yourTable
  union all
  select color, Eric value, 'Eric' name
  from yourTable
) src
group by name

See SQL Fiddle with Demo

The UNION ALL performs the UNPIVOT of the data by transforming the columns Paul, John, Tim, Eric into separate rows. Then you apply the aggregate function sum() with the case statement to get the new columns for each color.

Unpivot and Pivot Static Version:

Both the UNPIVOT and PIVOT functions in SQL server make this transformation much easier. If you know all of the values that you want to transform, you can hard-code them into a static version to get the result:

select name, [Red], [Green], [Blue]
from
(
  select color, name, value
  from yourtable
  unpivot
  (
    value for name in (Paul, John, Tim, Eric)
  ) unpiv
) src
pivot
(
  sum(value)
  for color in ([Red], [Green], [Blue])
) piv

See SQL Fiddle with Demo

The inner query with the UNPIVOT performs the same function as the UNION ALL. It takes the list of columns and turns it into rows, the PIVOT then performs the final transformation into columns.

Dynamic Pivot Version:

If you have an unknown number of columns (Paul, John, Tim, Eric in your example) and then an unknown number of colors to transform you can use dynamic sql to generate the list to UNPIVOT and then PIVOT:

DECLARE @colsUnpivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @colsPivot as  NVARCHAR(MAX)

select @colsUnpivot = stuff((select ','+quotename(C.name)
         from sys.columns as C
         where C.object_id = object_id('yourtable') and
               C.name <> 'color'
         for xml path('')), 1, 1, '')

select @colsPivot = STUFF((SELECT  ',' 
                      + quotename(color)
                    from yourtable t
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')


set @query 
  = 'select name, '+@colsPivot+'
      from
      (
        select color, name, value
        from yourtable
        unpivot
        (
          value for name in ('+@colsUnpivot+')
        ) unpiv
      ) src
      pivot
      (
        sum(value)
        for color in ('+@colsPivot+')
      ) piv'

exec(@query)

See SQL Fiddle with Demo

The dynamic version queries both yourtable and then the sys.columns table to generate the list of items to UNPIVOT and PIVOT. This is then added to a query string to be executed. The plus of the dynamic version is if you have a changing list of colors and/or names this will generate the list at run-time.

All three queries will produce the same result:

| NAME | RED | GREEN | BLUE |
-----------------------------
| Eric |   3 |     5 |    1 |
| John |   5 |     4 |    2 |
| Paul |   1 |     8 |    2 |
|  Tim |   1 |     3 |    9 |

How to convert or transpose rows to columns in SQL without using pivot?

Try STRING_AGG instead of any_value:

select id, string_agg(if(source_name = 'cp', value, null)) as cp,
string_agg(if(source_name = 'hi', value, null)) as hi,
string_agg(if(source_name = 'li', value, null)) as li
string_agg(if(source_name = 'mi', value, null)) as mi
from table_name group by id

SQL Transpose row to columns

You need to enumerate the values to pivot them:

select id,
       max(case when seqnum = 1 then club end) as club_1,
       max(case when seqnum = 2 then club end) as club_2,
       max(case when seqnum = 3 then club end) as club_3
from (select b.*,
             row_number() over (partition by id order by club) as seqnum
      from b
     ) b
group by id;

How to transpose table in presto?

You can try to use UNNEST function.

SELECT v.*
FROM T
CROSS JOIN UNNEST(ARRAY[
 ROW('A', A), 
 ROW('B', B), 
 ROW('C', C), 
 ROW('D', D),
 ROW('E', E)
]) AS v(Reason, Percentage);

another way is using UNION ALL

SELECT 'A' Reason , A Percentage FROM T
UNION ALL
SELECT 'B' Reason , B Percentage FROM T
UNION ALL
SELECT 'C' Reason , C Percentage FROM T
//....

SQL transpose and concatenate

You would seem to want string_agg():

select name, string_agg(no, ',') within group (order by no)
from piv1
group by name;

Azure SQL Transpose a table with all rows

I tried my luck. Could you check below query if it works,

What I did different to your query is making the result of UNPIVOT distinct by adding row_number to it so that the later PIVOT will take max of each row and display separately. My bad if the explanation doesn't makes sense to you.

select [1],[2],[3],[4],[5],[6] 
  from 
  ( select link_id,head_values,
           row_number() over (partition by link_id order by link_id) rn
      from
         ( select link_id
                 ,cast(comp1 as varchar(255)) as comp1
                 ,cast(comp2 as varchar(255)) as comp2
                 ,cast(comp3 as varchar(255)) as comp3
                 ,cast(comp4 as varchar(255)) as comp4
             from [dbo].[test_excel_poc_head]
         ) as cp
    unpivot
    (
      head_values for head_value in (comp1,comp2,comp3,comp4)
    ) as up
   ) temp_results
pivot
(
  max(head_values)
  for link_id in ([1],[2],[3],[4],[5],[6])
) as pivottable;

db<>fiddle for your reference.

How to transpose columns?

As both comentsalready told you you need to aggreate the hole CASE WHEN to have an aggregation function

SELECT SKU, CITY, 
sum(case 
when MOV=49 then Total_Imp end) as Type_Imp_Caducidad ,
sum(case
when MOV=48 then Total_Imp end) as Type_Imp_Daño ,
SUM(case
when MOV=47 then Total_Imp end) as Type_Imp_Robo
from #movimientos 
where Id_Num_SKU=11466978
group by SKY, CITY

How to transpose a single column in BigQuery without specifying all the values in the column?

Hope this is helpful: You said you don't know what values in col_D in advance, so it will be needed to create a pivot query dynamically using EXECUTE IMMEDIATE.

CREATE TEMP TABLE sample AS
SELECT * FROM UNNEST([STRUCT
  (1 AS col_A, 'ab' AS col_B, 'cd' AS col_C, 'val1' AS col_D),
  (2, 'cd', 'ef', 'val2'),
  (2, 'cd', 'ef', 'val3'),
  (3, 'ab', 'bc', 'val4')
]);

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE FORMAT("""
  SELECT * FROM sample PIVOT (COUNT(col_A) FOR col_D IN ('%s'));
""", ARRAY_TO_STRING(ARRAY(SELECT DISTINCT col_D FROM sample ORDER BY 1), "','"));

output:

If you want a exact same result in your question, try this instead of previous query.

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE FORMAT("""
  SELECT * 
    FROM (SELECT col_A AS col, * FROM sample)
   PIVOT (COUNT(col) FOR col_D IN ('%s')) 
   ORDER BY 1;
""", ARRAY_TO_STRING(ARRAY(SELECT DISTINCT col_D FROM sample ORDER BY 1), "','"));

Pivot/transpose rows into columns efficiently with multiple columns

SELECT
  [Num1], 
  [Type1], 
  [Code], 
  [Group], 
  [DA], 
  [123],
  [234]
FROM
  yourTable
PIVOT
(
  MAX([value])  
  FOR [account] IN ([123], [234])
)
  AS PivotTable

https://dbfiddle.uk/?rdbms=sqlserver_2019&fiddle=7fbe16b9254aa5ee60a23e43eec9597f

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