Oracle SQL Syntax - Check Multiple Columns for Is Not Null

Using IS NOT NULL for multiple columns

You can use

SELECT * FROM table1 
WHERE NOT (Column1 IS NULL OR 
Column2 IS NULL OR
 Column3 IS NULL OR
 Column4 IS NULL
    IS NOT NULL)

As per OP comment, Updating answer

Inserting Rows by Using INSERT and SELECT Subqueries

INSERT INTO Table_A
    SELECT column1, column2, column3,column4 
    FROM Table_B 
    WHERE NOT (Column1 IS NULL OR 
    Column2 IS NULL OR
    Column3 IS NULL OR
    Column4 IS NULL
    IS NOT NULL);

Your query

I am able to reduce 50 chars approx

SELECT * FROM AB_DS_TRANSACTIONS 
WHERE 
FK_VIOLATION IS NULL 
AND TRANSACTION_ID NOT 
IN(SELECT distinct TRANSACTION_ID FROM AB_TRANSACTIONS) 
AND 
NOT (
COUNTRY_ID IS NULL  
OR GEO_CUST_COUNTRY_ID IS NULL 
OR INVOICE_DATE IS NULL 
OR ABB_GLOBALID IS NULL 
OR SALES_ORG_ID IS NULL 
OR DIST_ID IS NULL 
OR CUSTOMER_ID IS NULL 
OR REPORT_UNIT_ID IS NULL 
OR CURR_INVOICE IS NULL 
OR DIVISION_CODE IS NULL
) 

Checking whether any two of ten fields are different (not NULL or equal)

UNPIVOT the columns to rows and then GROUP BY your primary key and COUNT the DISTINCT values in the unpivoted columns to see if there is more than one unique value:

Oracle 11 Setup:

CREATE TABLE table_name ( id, c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, c9, c10 ) AS
  SELECT 1, 'A', 'A',  NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 2, 'A', NULL, 'B',  NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 3, 'A', NULL, 'A',  'A',  NULL, 'A',  'A',  'A',  'A',  'A'  FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 4, 'A', NULL, 'A',  'A',  'B',  NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL FROM DUAL;

Query:

SELECT id
FROM   table_name
UNPIVOT ( value FOR name IN ( c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, c9, c10 ) )
GROUP BY id
HAVING COUNT( DISTINCT value ) > 1

Output:

| ID |
| -: |
|  2 |
|  4 |

db<>fiddle here

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