Ffmpeg Combining Images to Video and Streaming in One Command Line

Combine one image + one audio file to make one video using FFmpeg

The order of options in the command line matters. The following works for my case:

ffmpeg -loop 1 -i img.jpg -i music.mp3 -shortest -acodec copy -vcodec mjpeg result.mkv

In a more general case, where image.jpg and audio.wav are your input, you can use the following command, adapted from the FFmpeg wiki:

ffmpeg -loop 1 -i ima.jpg -i audio.wav -c:v libx264 -tune stillimage -c:a aac -b:a 192k -pix_fmt yuv420p -shortest out.mp4

This would use the libx264 encoder and provide you with better compression than the MJPEG codec used above. The audio is AAC, with the built-in ffmpeg AAC encoder.

How to create a video from images with FFmpeg?

See the Create a video slideshow from images – FFmpeg

If your video does not show the frames correctly If you encounter problems, such as the first image is skipped or only shows for one frame, then use the fps video filter instead of -r for the output framerate

ffmpeg -r 1/5 -i img%03d.png -c:v libx264 -vf fps=25 -pix_fmt yuv420p out.mp4

Alternatively the format video filter can be added to the filter chain to replace -pix_fmt yuv420p like "fps=25,format=yuv420p". The advantage of this method is that you can control which filter goes first

ffmpeg -r 1/5 -i img%03d.png -c:v libx264 -vf "fps=25,format=yuv420p" out.mp4

I tested below parameters, it worked for me

"e:\ffmpeg\ffmpeg.exe" -r 1/5 -start_number 0 -i "E:\images\01\padlock%3d.png" -c:v libx264 -vf "fps=25,format=yuv420p" e:\out.mp4

below parameters also worked but it always skips the first image

"e:\ffmpeg\ffmpeg.exe" -r 1/5 -start_number 0 -i "E:\images\01\padlock%3d.png" -c:v libx264 -r 30 -pix_fmt yuv420p e:\out.mp4

making a video from images placed in different folders

First, add image paths to imagepaths.txt like below.

# this is a comment details https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Concatenate

file 'E:\images\png\images__%3d.jpg'
file 'E:\images\jpg\images__%3d.jpg'

Sample usage as follows;

"h:\ffmpeg\ffmpeg.exe" -y -r 1/5 -f concat -safe 0 -i "E:\images\imagepaths.txt" -c:v libx264 -vf "fps=25,format=yuv420p" "e:\out.mp4"

-safe 0 parameter prevents Unsafe file name error

Related links

FFmpeg making a video from images placed in different folders

FFMPEG An Intermediate Guide/image sequence

Concatenate – FFmpeg

How to successfully use ffmpeg to convert images into videos

Your console output shows that you are writing 4:4:4 H.264 output, which very few players support. (Newer versions of FFmpeg warn about that.) Add -pix_fmt yuv420p before the output file to convert to the widely supported 4:2:0 pixel format. You could additionally include -profile:v baseline to make it work on even more players. (These options apply to encoding, so don't use them on the command that specifies -codec copy.) You could also try playing your output file with ffplay, which is one of the few players that support 4:4:4 H.264 in mp4 files.

If you want the same duration for each image and they are consecutively numbered, you only need a single command such as:

ffmpeg -framerate 0.2 -i %3d.jpg -vf fps=10 -pix_fmt yuv420p output.mp4

The -framerate 0.2 sets the input frame rate to 0.2 frames per second (1 frame every 5 seconds). %3d is replaced by 3 digits 000, 001, etc. for each frame. -vf fps=10 will change the frame rate to 10 frames per second, in this case by duplicating input frames; it is not strictly necessary but can be helpful with low frame rates to make seeking smoother and ensure the full duration for the first and last images, and should not increase the output size by much since frames that are identical to the previous frame can be encoded in a small size.

If you want to continue using the concat demuxer, or want different file names or durations for each image, you can specify the image directly with a duration for each one in your inputs.txt. There is no need to create a separate movie file for each image. For example:

file 000.jpg
duration 5
file 001.jpg
duration 5
...

Then use the concat demuxer to concatenate them and perform the encoding at the same time:

ffmpeg -f concat -i inputs.txt -vf fps=10 -pix_fmt yuv420p output.mp4

If any of these things don't work, upgrade your FFmpeg to the latest version.

ffmpeg images to video with different start times and durations

This answer addresses the ffmpeg specific questions in your broad multi-question.

This example will take images of any arbitrary size, fit them into a 1280x720 box, fade between images, and play the audio at the same time. The video will end whenever the images or audio ends: whichever is shortest.

ffmpeg \
-i audio1.mp3 \
-i audio2.wav \
-loop 1 -t 5 -i image1.jpg \
-loop 1 -t 5 -i image2.png \
-loop 1 -t 5 -i image3.jpg \
-filter_complex \
"[2:v]scale=1280:720:force_original_aspect_ratio=decrease,pad=1280:720:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2,setsar=1,fade=t=out:st=4:d=1[v1]; \
 [3:v]scale=1280:720:force_original_aspect_ratio=decrease,pad=1280:720:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2,setsar=1,fade=t=in:st=0:d=1,fade=t=out:st=4:d=1[v2]; \
 [4:v]scale=1280:720:force_original_aspect_ratio=decrease,pad=1280:720:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2,setsar=1,fade=t=in:st=0:d=1,fade=t=out:st=4:d=1[v3]; \
 [0:a][1:a]amerge=inputs=2[a];
 [v1][v2][v3]concat=n=3:v=1:a=0,format=yuv420p[v]" \
-map "[v]" -map "[a]" -ac 2 -shortest -movflags +faststart output.mp4

How to concatenate two MP4 files using FFmpeg?

I ended up using mpg as the intermediate format and it worked (NOTE this is a dangerous example, -qscale 0 will re-encode the video...)

ffmpeg -i 1.mp4 -qscale 0 1.mpg
ffmpeg -i 2.mp4 -qscale 0 2.mpg
cat 1.mpg 2.mpg | ffmpeg -f mpeg -i - -qscale 0 -vcodec mpeg4 output.mp4

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