replacing CALayer and CABasicAnimation with SKScene and SKActions
You can easily achieve this kind of animation using moveToX and the timingMode parameter.
New Swift 3 translation below at the end of this answer.
To make an example I use the Xcode Sprite-Kit "Hello, World!" official project demo:
class GameScene: SKScene {
override func didMoveToView(view: SKView) {
/* Setup your scene here */
let myLabel = SKLabelNode(fontNamed:"Chalkduster")
myLabel.text = "Hello, World!"
myLabel.fontSize = 15
myLabel.position = CGPoint(x:CGRectGetMidX(self.frame), y:CGRectGetMidY(self.frame))
self.addChild(myLabel)
mediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOutEmulate(myLabel)
}
func mediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOutEmulate(node:SKLabelNode) {
let actionMoveLeft = SKAction.moveToX(CGRectGetMidX(self.frame)-100, duration:1.5)
actionMoveLeft.timingMode = SKActionTimingMode.EaseInEaseOut
let actionMoveRight = SKAction.moveToX(CGRectGetMidX(self.frame)+100, duration:1.5)
actionMoveRight.timingMode = SKActionTimingMode.EaseInEaseOut
node.runAction(SKAction.repeatActionForever(SKAction.sequence([actionMoveLeft,actionMoveRight])))
}
}
Output:
Update (This part start to emulate the static ball and the dynamic ball moving left and right but without metaball animations)
class GameScene: SKScene {
var dBCircle : SKShapeNode!
let radiusDBCircle: CGFloat = 10
let radiusBall: CGFloat = 15
private let SCALE_RATE: CGFloat = 0.3
override func didMoveToView(view: SKView) {
// Some parameters
let strokeColor = SKColor.orangeColor()
let dBHeight = CGRectGetMaxY(self.frame)-84 // 64 navigationController height + 20 reasonable distance
let dBStartX = CGRectGetMidX(self.frame)-160 // extreme left
let dBStopX = CGRectGetMidX(self.frame)+160 // extreme right
let dBWidth = dBStopX - dBStartX
let totalBalls = 7 // first and last will be hidden
let ballArea = dBWidth / CGFloat(totalBalls-1)
let distanceBtwBalls = ((ballArea-(radiusBall*2))+radiusBall*2)
// Create dbCircle
dBCircle = SKShapeNode.init(circleOfRadius: radiusDBCircle)
dBCircle.position = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX(self.frame), dBHeight)
dBCircle.strokeColor = strokeColor
dBCircle.name = "dBCircle"
dBCircle.fillColor = UIColor.clearColor()
addChild(dBCircle)
// Make static balls
for i in 0..<totalBalls {
let ball = SKShapeNode.init(circleOfRadius: radiusBall)
ball.position = CGPointMake(dBStartX+(distanceBtwBalls*CGFloat(i)), dBHeight)
ball.strokeColor = strokeColor
ball.name = "ball"
ball.fillColor = UIColor.clearColor()
if i == 0 || i == totalBalls-1 {
ball.hidden = true
}
addChild(ball)
}
mediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOutEmulate(dBCircle,dBStartX: dBStartX,dBStopX: dBStopX)
}
func mediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOutEmulate(node:SKShapeNode,dBStartX:CGFloat,dBStopX:CGFloat) {
let actionMoveLeft = SKAction.moveToX(dBStartX, duration:1.7)
actionMoveLeft.timingMode = SKActionTimingMode.EaseInEaseOut
let actionMoveRight = SKAction.moveToX(dBStopX, duration:1.7)
actionMoveRight.timingMode = SKActionTimingMode.EaseInEaseOut
node.runAction(SKAction.repeatActionForever(SKAction.sequence([actionMoveLeft,actionMoveRight])))
}
override func update(currentTime: NSTimeInterval) {
var i = 0
self.enumerateChildNodesWithName("ball") {
node, stop in
let ball = node as! SKShapeNode
if CGRectContainsRect(ball.frame, self.dBCircle.frame) {
if (ball.actionForKey("zoom") == nil) {
let zoomIn = SKAction.scaleTo(1.5, duration: 0.25)
let zoomOut = SKAction.scaleTo(1.0, duration: 0.25)
let seq = SKAction.sequence([zoomIn,zoomOut])
ball.runAction(seq,withKey: "zoom")
}
}
i += 1
}
}
}
New update with metaball animation:
Finally I've realize this result, my goal is to make it very similar to the original :
is it possible to make some variations to times (for example zoomIn or zoomOut time values or actionMoveLeft, actionMoveRight time values), this is the code:
import SpriteKit
class GameScene: SKScene {
var dBCircle : SKShapeNode!
let radiusDBCircle: CGFloat = 10
let radiusBall: CGFloat = 15
private let SCALE_RATE: CGFloat = 0.3
override func didMoveToView(view: SKView) {
// Some parameters
let strokeColor = SKColor.orangeColor()
let dBHeight = CGRectGetMaxY(self.frame)-84 // 64 navigationController height + 20 reasonable distance
let dBStartX = CGRectGetMidX(self.frame)-160 // extreme left
let dBStopX = CGRectGetMidX(self.frame)+160 // extreme right
let dBWidth = dBStopX - dBStartX
let totalBalls = 7 // first and last will be hidden
let ballArea = dBWidth / CGFloat(totalBalls-1)
let distanceBtwBalls = ((ballArea-(radiusBall*2))+radiusBall*2)
// Create dbCircle
dBCircle = SKShapeNode.init(circleOfRadius: radiusDBCircle)
dBCircle.position = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX(self.frame), dBHeight)
dBCircle.strokeColor = strokeColor
dBCircle.name = "dBCircle"
dBCircle.fillColor = UIColor.clearColor()
addChild(dBCircle)
// Make static balls
for i in 0..<totalBalls {
let ball = SKShapeNode.init(circleOfRadius: radiusBall)
ball.position = CGPointMake(dBStartX+(distanceBtwBalls*CGFloat(i)), dBHeight)
ball.strokeColor = strokeColor
ball.name = "ball"
ball.fillColor = UIColor.clearColor()
if i == 0 || i == totalBalls-1 {
ball.hidden = true
}
addChild(ball)
}
mediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOutEmulate(dBCircle,dBStartX: dBStartX,dBStopX: dBStopX)
}
func mediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOutEmulate(node:SKShapeNode,dBStartX:CGFloat,dBStopX:CGFloat) {
let actionMoveLeft = SKAction.moveToX(dBStartX, duration:2.5)
actionMoveLeft.timingMode = SKActionTimingMode.EaseInEaseOut
let actionMoveRight = SKAction.moveToX(dBStopX, duration:2.5)
actionMoveRight.timingMode = SKActionTimingMode.EaseInEaseOut
node.runAction(SKAction.repeatActionForever(SKAction.sequence([actionMoveLeft,actionMoveRight])))
}
//MARK: - _metaball original function
func _metaball(circle2:SKShapeNode, circle1:SKShapeNode, v: CGFloat, handeLenRate: CGFloat, maxDistance: CGFloat,vanishingTime : NSTimeInterval = 0.015) {
let center1 = circle1.position
let center2 = circle2.position
let d = center1.distance(center2)
var radius1 = radiusDBCircle
var radius2 = radiusBall
if (radius1 == 0 || radius2 == 0) {
return
}
var u1: CGFloat = 0.0
var u2: CGFloat = 0.0
if (d > maxDistance || d <= abs(radius1 - radius2)) {
return
} else if (d < radius1 + radius2) {
u1 = acos((radius1 * radius1 + d * d - radius2 * radius2) / (2 * radius1 * d))
u2 = acos((radius2 * radius2 + d * d - radius1 * radius1) / (2 * radius2 * d))
} else {
u1 = 0.0
u2 = 0.0
}
let angle1 = center1.angleBetween(center2)
let angle2 = acos((radius1 - radius2) / d)
let angle1a = angle1 + u1 + (angle2 - u1) * v
let angle1b = angle1 - u1 - (angle2 - u1) * v
let angle2a = angle1 + CGFloat(M_PI) - u2 - (CGFloat(M_PI) - u2 - angle2) * v
let angle2b = angle1 - CGFloat(M_PI) + u2 + (CGFloat(M_PI) - u2 - angle2) * v
let p1a = center1.point(radians: angle1a, withLength: radius1)
let p1b = center1.point(radians: angle1b, withLength: radius1)
let p2a = center2.point(radians: angle2a, withLength: radius2)
let p2b = center2.point(radians: angle2b, withLength: radius2)
let totalRadius = radius1 + radius2
var d2 = min(v * handeLenRate, p1a.minus(p2a).length() / totalRadius)
d2 *= min(1, d * 2 / totalRadius)
radius1 *= d2
radius2 *= d2
let cp1a = p1a.point(radians: angle1a - CGFloat(M_PI_2), withLength: radius1)
let cp2a = p2a.point(radians: angle2a + CGFloat(M_PI_2), withLength: radius2)
let cp2b = p2b.point(radians: angle2b - CGFloat(M_PI_2), withLength: radius2)
let cp1b = p1b.point(radians: angle1b + CGFloat(M_PI_2), withLength: radius1)
let pathJoinedCircles = UIBezierPath()
pathJoinedCircles.moveToPoint(p1a)
pathJoinedCircles.addCurveToPoint(p2a, controlPoint1: cp1a, controlPoint2: cp2a)
pathJoinedCircles.addLineToPoint(p2b)
pathJoinedCircles.addCurveToPoint(p1b, controlPoint1: cp2b, controlPoint2: cp1b)
pathJoinedCircles.addLineToPoint(p1a)
pathJoinedCircles.closePath()
let shapeNode = SKShapeNode(path: pathJoinedCircles.CGPath)
shapeNode.strokeColor = SKColor.orangeColor()
shapeNode.fillColor = UIColor.clearColor()
addChild(shapeNode)
let wait = SKAction.waitForDuration(vanishingTime)
self.runAction(wait,completion: {
shapeNode.removeFromParent()
})
}
override func update(currentTime: NSTimeInterval) {
var i = 0
self.enumerateChildNodesWithName("ball") {
node, stop in
let ball = node as! SKShapeNode
let enlargeFrame = CGRectMake(ball.frame.origin.x-self.radiusBall*3,ball.frame.origin.y,ball.frame.width+(self.radiusBall*6),ball.frame.height)
if CGRectContainsRect(enlargeFrame, self.dBCircle.frame) {
if (ball.actionForKey("zoom") == nil) {
let zoomIn = SKAction.scaleTo(1.5, duration: 0.25)
zoomIn.timingMode = SKActionTimingMode.EaseInEaseOut
let zoomOut = SKAction.scaleTo(1.0, duration: 0.25)
let wait = SKAction.waitForDuration(0.8)
let seq = SKAction.sequence([zoomIn,zoomOut,wait])
ball.runAction(seq,withKey: "zoom")
}
}
self._metaball(ball, circle1: self.dBCircle, v: 0.6, handeLenRate: 2.0, maxDistance: 4 * self.radiusBall)
i += 1
}
}
}
//MARK: - Extensions
extension CGPoint {
func distance(point: CGPoint) -> CGFloat {
let dx = point.x - self.x
let dy = point.y - self.y
return sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy)
}
func angleBetween(point: CGPoint) -> CGFloat {
return atan2(point.y - self.y, point.x - self.x)
}
func point(radians radians: CGFloat, withLength length: CGFloat) -> CGPoint {
return CGPoint(x: self.x + length * cos(radians), y: self.y + length * sin(radians))
}
func minus(point: CGPoint) -> CGPoint {
return CGPoint(x: self.x - point.x, y: self.y - point.y)
}
func length() -> CGFloat {
return sqrt(self.x * self.x + self.y + self.y)
}
}
Swift 3:
(I've made a little change to maxDistance: 4 * self.radiusBall with maxDistance: 5 * self.radiusBall to become more similar to the original but you can change it as you wish)
import SpriteKit
class GameScene: SKScene {
var dBCircle : SKShapeNode!
let radiusDBCircle: CGFloat = 10
let radiusBall: CGFloat = 15
private let SCALE_RATE: CGFloat = 0.3
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
let label = self.childNode(withName: "//helloLabel") as? SKLabelNode
label?.removeFromParent()
self.anchorPoint = CGPoint.zero
// Some parameters
let strokeColor = SKColor.orange
let dBHeight = self.frame.midY
let dBStartX = self.frame.midX-260 // extreme left
let dBStopX = self.frame.midX+260 // extreme right
let dBWidth = dBStopX - dBStartX
let totalBalls = 7 // first and last will be hidden
let ballArea = dBWidth / CGFloat(totalBalls-1)
let distanceBtwBalls = ((ballArea-(radiusBall*2))+radiusBall*2)
// Create dbCircle
dBCircle = SKShapeNode.init(circleOfRadius: radiusDBCircle)
dBCircle.position = CGPoint(x:self.frame.midX, y:dBHeight)
dBCircle.strokeColor = strokeColor
dBCircle.name = "dBCircle"
dBCircle.fillColor = UIColor.clear
addChild(dBCircle)
// Make static balls
for i in 0..<totalBalls {
let ball = SKShapeNode.init(circleOfRadius: radiusBall)
ball.position = CGPoint(x:dBStartX+(distanceBtwBalls*CGFloat(i)), y:dBHeight)
ball.strokeColor = strokeColor
ball.name = "ball"
ball.fillColor = UIColor.clear
if i == 0 || i == totalBalls-1 {
ball.isHidden = true
}
addChild(ball)
}
mediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOutEmulate(node: dBCircle,dBStartX: dBStartX,dBStopX: dBStopX)
}
func mediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOutEmulate(node:SKShapeNode,dBStartX:CGFloat,dBStopX:CGFloat) {
let actionMoveLeft = SKAction.moveTo(x: dBStartX, duration:2.5)
actionMoveLeft.timingMode = SKActionTimingMode.easeInEaseOut
let actionMoveRight = SKAction.moveTo(x: dBStopX, duration:2.5)
actionMoveRight.timingMode = SKActionTimingMode.easeInEaseOut
node.run(SKAction.repeatForever(SKAction.sequence([actionMoveLeft,actionMoveRight])))
}
//MARK: - _metaball original function
func _metaball(circle2:SKShapeNode, circle1:SKShapeNode, v: CGFloat, handeLenRate: CGFloat, maxDistance: CGFloat,vanishingTime : TimeInterval = 0.015) {
let center1 = circle1.position
let center2 = circle2.position
let d = center1.distance(point: center2)
var radius1 = radiusDBCircle
var radius2 = radiusBall
if (radius1 == 0 || radius2 == 0) {
return
}
var u1: CGFloat = 0.0
var u2: CGFloat = 0.0
if (d > maxDistance || d <= abs(radius1 - radius2)) {
return
} else if (d < radius1 + radius2) {
u1 = acos((radius1 * radius1 + d * d - radius2 * radius2) / (2 * radius1 * d))
u2 = acos((radius2 * radius2 + d * d - radius1 * radius1) / (2 * radius2 * d))
} else {
u1 = 0.0
u2 = 0.0
}
let angle1 = center1.angleBetween(point: center2)
let angle2 = acos((radius1 - radius2) / d)
let angle1a = angle1 + u1 + (angle2 - u1) * v
let angle1b = angle1 - u1 - (angle2 - u1) * v
let angle2a = angle1 + CGFloat(M_PI) - u2 - (CGFloat(M_PI) - u2 - angle2) * v
let angle2b = angle1 - CGFloat(M_PI) + u2 + (CGFloat(M_PI) - u2 - angle2) * v
let p1a = center1.point(radians: angle1a, withLength: radius1)
let p1b = center1.point(radians: angle1b, withLength: radius1)
let p2a = center2.point(radians: angle2a, withLength: radius2)
let p2b = center2.point(radians: angle2b, withLength: radius2)
let totalRadius = radius1 + radius2
var d2 = min(v * handeLenRate, p1a.minus(point: p2a).length() / totalRadius)
d2 *= min(1, d * 2 / totalRadius)
radius1 *= d2
radius2 *= d2
let cp1a = p1a.point(radians: angle1a - CGFloat(M_PI_2), withLength: radius1)
let cp2a = p2a.point(radians: angle2a + CGFloat(M_PI_2), withLength: radius2)
let cp2b = p2b.point(radians: angle2b - CGFloat(M_PI_2), withLength: radius2)
let cp1b = p1b.point(radians: angle1b + CGFloat(M_PI_2), withLength: radius1)
let pathJoinedCircles = UIBezierPath()
pathJoinedCircles.move(to: p1a)
pathJoinedCircles.addCurve(to: p2a, controlPoint1: cp1a, controlPoint2: cp2a)
pathJoinedCircles.addLine(to: p2b)
pathJoinedCircles.addCurve(to: p1b, controlPoint1: cp2b, controlPoint2: cp1b)
pathJoinedCircles.addLine(to: p1a)
pathJoinedCircles.close()
let shapeNode = SKShapeNode(path: pathJoinedCircles.cgPath)
shapeNode.strokeColor = SKColor.orange
shapeNode.fillColor = UIColor.clear
addChild(shapeNode)
let wait = SKAction.wait(forDuration: vanishingTime)
self.run(wait,completion: {
shapeNode.removeFromParent()
})
}
override func update(_ currentTime: TimeInterval) {
var i = 0
self.enumerateChildNodes(withName: "ball") {
node, stop in
let ball = node as! SKShapeNode
let enlargeFrame = CGRect(x:ball.frame.origin.x-self.radiusBall*3,y:ball.frame.origin.y,width:ball.frame.width+(self.radiusBall*6),height:ball.frame.height)
if enlargeFrame.contains(self.dBCircle.frame) {
if (ball.action(forKey: "zoom") == nil) {
let zoomIn = SKAction.scale(to: 1.5, duration: 0.25)
zoomIn.timingMode = SKActionTimingMode.easeInEaseOut
let zoomOut = SKAction.scale(to: 1.0, duration: 0.25)
let wait = SKAction.wait(forDuration: 0.7)
let seq = SKAction.sequence([zoomIn,zoomOut,wait])
ball.run(seq,withKey: "zoom")
}
}
self._metaball(circle2: ball, circle1: self.dBCircle, v: 0.6, handeLenRate: 2.0, maxDistance: 5 * self.radiusBall)
i += 1
}
}
}
//MARK: - Extensions
extension CGPoint {
func distance(point: CGPoint) -> CGFloat {
let dx = point.x - self.x
let dy = point.y - self.y
return sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy)
}
func angleBetween(point: CGPoint) -> CGFloat {
return atan2(point.y - self.y, point.x - self.x)
}
func point(radians: CGFloat, withLength length: CGFloat) -> CGPoint {
return CGPoint(x: self.x + length * cos(radians), y: self.y + length * sin(radians))
}
func minus(point: CGPoint) -> CGPoint {
return CGPoint(x: self.x - point.x, y: self.y - point.y)
}
func length() -> CGFloat {
return sqrt(self.x * self.x + self.y + self.y)
}
}
CABasicAnimation creates empty default value copy of CALayer
Figured out the answer!
In init(layer:) you have to copy the property values to your class manually. Here's how that looks in action:
override init(layer: AnyObject) {
if let layer = layer as? RadialGradientLayer {
gradientOrigin = layer.gradientOrigin
gradientRadius = layer.gradientRadius
colors = layer.colors
locations = layer.locations
}
super.init(layer: layer)
}
How to make changes to SKActions periodically?
The easiest way to change an action is remove the old action and create a new one. You can remove actions by removing with a "key" or simply remove all actions running on a node with removeAllActions().
Changing actions while they are running has no effect until the action is completed and run again.
Hope this helped and good luck.
Swap positions of two SKSpriteNodes and wait for completion
there are a few ways you can do this
The problem is that all the actions are being triggered at the same time. the code doesn't know that you want a delay between the actions, because you haven't told it to delay.
the simplest solution which should help you understand what problem is happening is the following.
override func viewDidLoad() {
placeCards()
var wait = SKAction.wait(forDuration: 1)
// get refrences to cardA and cardB
animateSwapCard(card1: cardA, card2: cardB, duration: 1)
// get refrence to cardC
self.run(wait) {
animateSwapCard(card1: cardB, card2: cardC, duration: 1)
}
wait = SKAction.wait(forDuration: 2)
// get refrences to card D and cardE
self.run(wait) {
animateSwapCard(card1: cardD, card2: cardE, duration: 1)
}
}
func animateSwapCard(card1: Card, card2: Card, duration: TimeInterval) {
let inital = card1.position
card1.run(SKAction.move(to: card2.position, duration: duration))
card2.run(SKAction.move(to: inital, duration: duration))
}
although that method is ugly and if you wanted to do more than two swaps it becomes a pain in the butt.
You could use a completion closure on the function.
func animateSwapCard(card1: Card, card2: Card, duration: TimeInterval, complete: () -> ()) {
let inital = card1.position
card1.run(SKAction.move(to: card2.position, duration: duration))
card2.run(SKAction.move(to: inital, duration: duration)) {
complete()
}
}
and use it like so
override func viewDidLoad() {
placeCards()
// get refrences to cardA and cardB
animateSwapCard(card1: cardA, card2: cardB, duration: 1) {
// get refrence to cardC
animateSwapCard(card1: cardB, card2: cardC, duration: 1) {
// get refrences to card D and cardE
animateSwapCard(card1: cardD, card2: cardE, duration: 1) { }
}
}
}
Simulate universal gravitation for two Sprite Kit nodes
You can loop through all nodes and calculate the impulse to all other nodes using the appropriate ratios of the universal gravitation equation. I just wrote a quick example showing how this is done. You can make your own custom "mass" factor, however I'm simply using Sprite Kit's. I also added a strength factor to amplify the impulse. I'm also assuming fixed time step of 1/60 seconds.
class GameScene: SKScene {
var nodes: [SKShapeNode] = []
let dt: CGFloat = 1.0/60.0 //Delta time.
let radiusLowerBound: CGFloat = 1.0 //Minimum radius between nodes check.
let strength: CGFloat = 10000 //Make gravity less weak and more fun!
override func didMoveToView(view: SKView) {
self.physicsWorld.gravity = CGVector()
for i in 1 ... 50 { //Create 50 random nodes.
let rndRadius = 15 + CGFloat(arc4random_uniform(20))
let rndPosition = CGPoint(x: CGFloat(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(self.size.width))), y: CGFloat(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(self.size.height))))
let node = SKShapeNode(circleOfRadius: rndRadius)
node.position = rndPosition
node.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(circleOfRadius: rndRadius)
self.addChild(node)
nodes.append(node)
}
}
override func update(currentTime: NSTimeInterval) {
for node1 in nodes {
for node2 in nodes {
let m1 = node1.physicsBody!.mass*strength
let m2 = node2.physicsBody!.mass*strength
let disp = CGVector(dx: node2.position.x-node1.position.x, dy: node2.position.y-node1.position.y)
let radius = sqrt(disp.dx*disp.dx+disp.dy*disp.dy)
if radius < radiusLowerBound { //Radius lower-bound.
continue
}
let force = (m1*m2)/(radius*radius);
let normal = CGVector(dx: disp.dx/radius, dy: disp.dy/radius)
let impulse = CGVector(dx: normal.dx*force*dt, dy: normal.dy*force*dt)
node1.physicsBody!.velocity = CGVector(dx: node1.physicsBody!.velocity.dx + impulse.dx, dy: node1.physicsBody!.velocity.dy + impulse.dy)
}
}
}
}
Instead of performing the calculation manually you could also add field nodes to your physics bodies to simulate the effect. Although be warned, field nodes are broken in certain versions of Sprite Kit.
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