SQL Rows to Columns

Efficiently convert rows to columns in sql server

There are several ways that you can transform data from multiple rows into columns.

Using PIVOT

In SQL Server you can use the PIVOT function to transform the data from rows to columns:

select Firstname, Amount, PostalCode, LastName, AccountNumber
from
(
  select value, columnname
  from yourtable
) d
pivot
(
  max(value)
  for columnname in (Firstname, Amount, PostalCode, LastName, AccountNumber)
) piv;

See Demo.

Pivot with unknown number of columnnames

If you have an unknown number of columnnames that you want to transpose, then you can use dynamic SQL:

DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX)

select @cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(ColumnName) 
                    from yourtable
                    group by ColumnName, id
                    order by id
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')

set @query = N'SELECT ' + @cols + N' from 
             (
                select value, ColumnName
                from yourtable
            ) x
            pivot 
            (
                max(value)
                for ColumnName in (' + @cols + N')
            ) p '

exec sp_executesql @query;

See Demo.

Using an aggregate function

If you do not want to use the PIVOT function, then you can use an aggregate function with a CASE expression:

select
  max(case when columnname = 'FirstName' then value end) Firstname,
  max(case when columnname = 'Amount' then value end) Amount,
  max(case when columnname = 'PostalCode' then value end) PostalCode,
  max(case when columnname = 'LastName' then value end) LastName,
  max(case when columnname = 'AccountNumber' then value end) AccountNumber
from yourtable

See Demo.

Using multiple joins

This could also be completed using multiple joins, but you will need some column to associate each of the rows which you do not have in your sample data. But the basic syntax would be:

select fn.value as FirstName,
  a.value as Amount,
  pc.value as PostalCode,
  ln.value as LastName,
  an.value as AccountNumber
from yourtable fn
left join yourtable a
  on fn.somecol = a.somecol
  and a.columnname = 'Amount'
left join yourtable pc
  on fn.somecol = pc.somecol
  and pc.columnname = 'PostalCode'
left join yourtable ln
  on fn.somecol = ln.somecol
  and ln.columnname = 'LastName'
left join yourtable an
  on fn.somecol = an.somecol
  and an.columnname = 'AccountNumber'
where fn.columnname = 'Firstname'

Convert Rows to Columns SQL

You will have to go for a dynamic query, check if this will suit your needs.

I created a common table expression to be able to use distinct and then order by in the stuff function:

DECLARE @QUERY NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @Columns NVARCHAR(MAX)

WITH cte_unique_inspection_unit_number AS
(
SELECT DISTINCT QUOTENAME('TestResults' + CAST(inspection_unit_number AS VARCHAR)) TestResultsN, 
       inspection_unit_number
FROM IQC_Tensile_TF
)

SELECT @Columns = STUFF((SELECT ', ' + TestResultsN
            FROM cte_unique_inspection_unit_number
            ORDER BY inspection_unit_number
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,2,''),

        @query = 'SELECT batch, node_number, characteristic, ' + @Columns + ' from 
            (
                select batch,
                       node_number,
                       characteristic,
                       measured_value,
                       ''TestResults'' + CAST(inspection_unit_number AS VARCHAR) TestResultsN
                from IQC_Tensile_TF
           ) x
            pivot 
            (
                 max(measured_value)
                for TestResultsN in (' + @Columns + ')
            ) p '

EXEC(@query)

To view the execution in fiddle:

https://dbfiddle.uk/?rdbms=sqlserver_2014&fiddle=7898422e4422faacb25d7f3c2285f14a

If you find my answer useful, i would appreciate if you vote up and mark as accepted =D

Convert the data, split rows into columns in SQL

DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@query AS NVARCHAR(MAX);

SET @cols = STUFF((SELECT distinct ',' + QUOTENAME(c.CountryName)
FROM #temptest c
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')

set @query = 'SELECT ObjectName, ' + @cols + ' from
(
select ObjectName,CountryName,counts
from #temptest
) x
pivot
(
max(counts)
for CountryName in (' + @cols + ')
) p '

execute(@query)

SQL Server: How to convert rows to columns

Here i tried this sql which is throwing error for duplicate values in field name.

This is because your GROUP BY is on FieldName, id,Ticker,ClientCode. You are therefore telling the RDBMS you want a row for every distinct group of those columns, and very clearly that would result in multiple rows for the same value of FieldName.

Very likely the GROUP BY and ORDER BY shouldn't be there at all:

SELECT @cols = STUFF((SELECT DISTINCT ',' + QUOTENAME(FieldName) 
                      FROM dbo.DynamicForm
                      WHERE Ticker='X'
                        AND ClientCode='Z'
                      FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE).value('(./text())[1]', 'nvarchar(MAX)') ,1,1,'');

---

Now we have sample data, I can provide a full solution. Personally, as well, I would use a conditional aggregate, rather than the restrictive PIVOT operator, and build my entire statement in one go. I continue to use FOR XML PATH as I assume you used it (rather than STRING_AGG) due to being on SQL Server 2016 or prior.

DECLARE @SQL nvarchar(MAX),
        @CRLF nchar(2) = NCHAR(13) + NCHAR(10);

SET @SQL = N'SELECT ' + STUFF((SELECT N',' + @CRLF + N'       ' +
                                      N'MAX(CASE FieldName WHEN ' + QUOTENAME(FieldName,'''') + N' THEN Value END) AS ' + QUOTENAME(FieldName)
                               FROM dbo.DynamicForm
                               GROUP BY FieldName
                               ORDER BY MIN(ID)
                               FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','nvarchar(MAX)'),1,10,N'') + @CRLF +
           N'FROM dbo.DynamicForm' + @CRLF +
           N'WHERE Ticker = @Ticker' + @CRLF +
           N'  AND ClientCode = @ClientCode' + @CRLF + 
           N'GROUP BY [Order]' + @CRLF + --ORDER is a reserved keyword, and should not be used for object names
           N'ORDER BY [Order];'; --ORDER is a reserved keyword, and should not be used for object names

DECLARE @Ticker varchar(10) = 'X',
        @ClientCode varchar(10) = 'Z';

--Print @SQL; -- Your best friend
EXEC sys.sp_executesql @SQL, N'@Ticker varchar(10), @ClientCode varchar(10)', @Ticker, @ClientCode;

db<>fiddle

SQL Server - Pivot Convert rows to columns (with additional row data)

I think conditional aggregation does what you want:

select id, type, color, date,
       max(case when country_code = 'US' then cost end) as us,
       max(case when country_code = 'EU' then cost end) as eu,
       max(case when country_code = 'RU' then cost end) as ru,
       max(case when country_code = 'AP' then cost end) as AP
from t
group by id, type, color, date;

Convert rows to columns and group

Why not a conditional aggregation

SELECT Comedor      = com.NombrePuntoEntrega 
      ,APLICACIONES = SUM(case when a.NombreArea = 'APLICACIONES' then s.CantidadRaciones else 0 end) 
      ,ARANDANOS    = SUM(case when a.NombreArea = 'ARANDANOS'    then s.CantidadRaciones else 0 end) 
      ,PALTO        = SUM(case when a.NombreArea = 'PALTO'        then s.CantidadRaciones else 0 end) 
  FROM PPA_SolicitudRaciones c inner join  
       PPA_SolicitudRacionesDET S on c.IdSolicitud =s.IdSolicitud and s.IdLocalidad =c.IdLocalidad 
 INNER JOIN PPA_AREAS A ON A.IDLOCALIDAD=S.IDLOCALIDAD  and a.IdArea =s.IdArea 
 INNER JOIN PPA_PuntosEntrega com on com.IdLocalidad =s.IdLocalidad and com.IdPuntoEntrega =s.IdPuntoEntrega 
 WHERE (s.IdLocalidad =@IdLocalidad or @IdLocalidad =0)
    AND (s.IdArea =@IdArea or @IdArea =0)
    AND (c.FechaPedido between @FechaDel and @FechaAl   or   @FechaDel ='1900.01.01' )
    AND (c.IdTipoComida  =@TipoComida or @TipoComida=0)
 GROUP BY com.NombrePuntoEntrega

Convert rows in to columns

i did it by creating a temp table then using while loop, add columns and update values

MS SQL Convert rows to columns with Pivot

You coud try this:

With data (STOCKCODE, QTY, AGE) as (
select 'AIRFIL01', 3,1 union all
select 'AIRFIL01', 8,2  union all
select 'AIRFIL05', 4,1  union all
select 'AIRFIL05', 14,2  union all
select 'AIRPRE01', 4,1  union all
select 'AIRPRE01', 24,2  union all
select 'AIRSUS01', 1,2  union all
select 'ALARM01', 1,1  union all
select 'ALARM01', 6,2  union all
select 'ALARM01', 7,10  union all
select 'ALARM05', 2,1  union all
select 'ANTROL01', 5,2 
)
SELECT * from (
Select STOCKCODE, QTY, CONCAT('Age_' , AGE) comment  from data
)t
PIVOT
(
SUM(QTY)
FOR comment IN ( [Age_1],[Age_2],[Age_3],[Age_4],[Age_5],[Age_6],[Age_7],[Age_8],[Age_9],[Age_10])
) p

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