Python Ignore Certificate Validation Urllib2

python ignore certificate validation urllib2

urllib2 does not verify server certificate by default. Check this documentation.

Edit: As pointed out in below comment, this is not true anymore for newer versions (seems like >= 2.7.9) of Python. Refer the below ANSWER

Python 3 urllib ignore SSL certificate verification

The accepted answer just gave advise to use python 3.5+, instead of direct answer. It causes confusion.

For someone looking for a direct answer, here it is:

import ssl
import urllib.request

ctx = ssl.create_default_context()
ctx.check_hostname = False
ctx.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE

with urllib.request.urlopen(url_string, context=ctx) as f:
    f.read(300)

Alternatively, if you use requests library, it has much better API:

import requests

with open(file_name, 'wb') as f:
    resp = requests.get(url_string, verify=False)
    f.write(resp.content)

The answer is copied from this post (thanks @falsetru): How do I disable the ssl check in python 3.x?

These two questions should be merged.

urllib and SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED Error

If you just want to bypass verification, you can create a new SSLContext. By default newly created contexts use CERT_NONE.

Be careful with this as stated in section 17.3.7.2.1

When calling the SSLContext constructor directly, CERT_NONE is the default. Since it does not authenticate the other peer, it can be insecure, especially in client mode where most of time you would like to ensure the authenticity of the server you’re talking to. Therefore, when in client mode, it is highly recommended to use CERT_REQUIRED.

But if you just want it to work now for some other reason you can do the following, you'll have to import ssl as well:

input = input.replace("!web ", "")      
url = "https://domainsearch.p.mashape.com/index.php?name=" + input
req = urllib2.Request(url, headers={ 'X-Mashape-Key': 'XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX' })
gcontext = ssl.SSLContext()  # Only for gangstars
info = urllib2.urlopen(req, context=gcontext).read()
Message.Chat.SendMessage ("" + info)

This should get round your problem but you're not really solving any of the issues, but you won't see the [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] because you now aren't verifying the cert!

To add to the above, if you want to know more about why you are seeing these issues you will want to have a look at PEP 476.

This PEP proposes to enable verification of X509 certificate signatures, as well as hostname verification for Python's HTTP clients by default, subject to opt-out on a per-call basis. This change would be applied to Python 2.7, Python 3.4, and Python 3.5.

There is an advised opt out which isn't dissimilar to my advice above:

import ssl

# This restores the same behavior as before.
context = ssl._create_unverified_context()
urllib.urlopen("https://no-valid-cert", context=context)

It also features a highly discouraged option via monkeypatching which you don't often see in python:

import ssl

ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context

Which overrides the default function for context creation with the function to create an unverified context.

Please note with this as stated in the PEP:

This guidance is aimed primarily at system administrators that wish to adopt newer versions of Python that implement this PEP in legacy environments that do not yet support certificate verification on HTTPS connections. For example, an administrator may opt out by adding the monkeypatch above to sitecustomize.py in their Standard Operating Environment for Python. Applications and libraries SHOULD NOT be making this change process wide (except perhaps in response to a system administrator controlled configuration setting).

If you want to read a paper on why not validating certs is bad in software you can find it here!

urllib2 - ability skip certificate verification

There is nothing special to do here. urllib2 does not do SSL certificate verification by default. There is a warning in the documentation http://docs.python.org/library/urllib2.html

Warning HTTPS requests do not do any verification of the server’s certificate.

Posting data using urllib without SSL certificate validation

Your post_payload should be of type 'bytes' rather than 'str'.

From the Python docs:

class urllib.request.Request ...

...

For an HTTP POST request method, data should be a buffer in the standard application/x-www-form-urlencoded format. The urllib.parse.urlencode() function takes a mapping or sequence of 2-tuples and returns an ASCII string in this format. It should be encoded to bytes before being used as the data parameter.

...

You can convert post_payload to bytes using the .encode() method as detailed in this Python urllib howto.

This is separate to the SSL validation issue, but presumably because it attempted to POST data, the HTTPS connection was successfully established.

How to disable SSL verification for urlretrieve?

This solution worked as well for me: before making the call to the library, define the default SSL context:

import ssl
ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context
# urllib.request.urlretrieve(...)

Source: http://thomas-cokelaer.info/blog/2016/01/python-certificate-verified-failed/

How do I disable the ssl check in python 3.x?

Use urllib.request.urlopen with custom ssl context:

import ssl
import urllib.request

ctx = ssl.create_default_context()
ctx.check_hostname = False
ctx.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE

with urllib.request.urlopen(url_string, context=ctx) as u, \
        open(file_name, 'wb') as f:
    f.write(u.read())

Alternatively, if you use requests library, it could be simpler:

import requests

with open(file_name, 'wb') as f:
    resp = requests.get(url_string, verify=False)
    f.write(resp.content)

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