How to Escape Unusual/Uniq Characters from Expect Scripts

how to escape unusual/uniq characters from expect scripts?

Using different Tcl quotes will work

expect #  {
    # send text verbatim here
    send {perl -i -pe 's/\Q10.10.10.10\E/1.1.1.1/' /etc/hosts}
    # interpret backslash sequence as carriage return here
    send "\r"
}

expect + how to identify if expect break because time out?

To do sensible things on timeout, you need to tell expect what should happen:

set timeout 10
expect {
    ")?"     { send "yes\r"  ; exp_continue  }
    "word:"  { send "$PASS\r"                }
    timeout  { puts "timed out during login"; exit 1 }
}
set timeout -1   ; # Infinite...
expect ">"   { send "hostname\r"             }
expect ">"   { send "exit\r"                 }
expect eof
exit

Notice above how I use exit 1 when I hit an error. Your shell will be able to pick that up through $?, etc. (Without the 1 argument, the exit command will cause the script to terminate “successfully”; the same happens if you drop off the bottom of the script.)

expect + how to identify if expect break because time out?

To do sensible things on timeout, you need to tell expect what should happen:

set timeout 10
expect {
    ")?"     { send "yes\r"  ; exp_continue  }
    "word:"  { send "$PASS\r"                }
    timeout  { puts "timed out during login"; exit 1 }
}
set timeout -1   ; # Infinite...
expect ">"   { send "hostname\r"             }
expect ">"   { send "exit\r"                 }
expect eof
exit

Notice above how I use exit 1 when I hit an error. Your shell will be able to pick that up through $?, etc. (Without the 1 argument, the exit command will cause the script to terminate “successfully”; the same happens if you drop off the bottom of the script.)

reading a variable from the user in an expect script

The "expect" way to do that is:

send_user "enter unique id: "
expect_user -re "(.*)\n"
set test $expect_out(1,string)
send_user "you said $test\n"

Since expect extends tcl, you could use:

puts -nonewline "enter unique id: "
flush stdout
gets stdin test
puts "you said $test"

Additionally, you'll get an error for mkdir -- that's an external command. You can do one of:

exec mkdir -p /evoting_test/$test   # invoke the external command
file mkdir /evoting_test/$test      # use the builtin

See http://tcl.tk/man/tcl8.6/TclCmd/file.htm

Pass variable in list and expect its literal value

Braces prevent substitution of variables, so use double quotes instead:

set results " address contact $testString "
puts $results
#  address contact John A. Smith, Mobile:001-445-4567-0987, Pin-556789

Or use subst to force the substitution afterwards:

set results { address contact $testString }
set results [subst $results]
puts $results
#  address contact John A. Smith, Mobile:001-445-4567-0987, Pin-556789

Or if you actually mean to have a list where the first element is address, the second contact and the third being $testString's value, then you can use list, except the output will look different:

set results [list address contact $testString]
puts $results
# address contact {John A. Smith, Mobile:001-445-4567-0987, Pin-556789}

But that way, you can get testString back if you do something like lindex $results 2, whereas if you used any of the earlier methods, you would get only the first word of testString, that is, John.

Is it possible to make a foreach loop for every character in a string?

You need to explicitly break the string into a list of characters:

foreach char [split $string ""] {...

How to loop over jq unique array in bash?

Works with change ' ' to '_' and back

messages=$( jq -rc '[.[].message] | unique | @sh' <<<"${commits}" )
messages="${messages// /_}"
messages=(${messages//"'_'"/"' '"})
echo "messages: ${messages[@]//_/ }"
for message in "${messages[@]//_/ }"
do
  echo " message: $message"
done

Or like this

IFS=$'\n' messages=( $(jq -rc '.[].message' <<<"${commits}") )
printf   "messages: "; printf "'%s' " "${messages[@]}"; echo
printf   " message: '%s' \n"          "${messages[@]}"

And we could do something like that

     IFS=$'\n'
 authors=($(jq -rc '.[].author.name' <<<"${commits}"))
messages=($(jq -rc '.[].message'     <<<"${commits}"))
printf " authors | "; printf "'%s' " "${authors[@]}" ; echo
printf "  author | '%s' \n"          "${authors[@]}"
echo   "---------+---------"
printf "messages | "; printf "'%s' " "${messages[@]}"; echo
printf " message | '%s' \n"          "${messages[@]}"

To output like this

 authors | 'Chris' 'John' 'John' 
  author | 'Chris' 
  author | 'John' 
  author | 'John' 
---------+---------
messages | 'commit message 1' 'commit message 2' 'commit message 3' 
 message | 'commit message 1' 
 message | 'commit message 2' 
 message | 'commit message 3' 

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