Exception in Thread "Main" Java.Lang.Noclassdeffounderror: Org/Openqa/Selenium/Webdriver

What causes java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/internal/Require when using WebDriverManager 5.0.3

There is an incompatibility between WebDriverManager v5.0.3 and Selenium v4. After Downgrading Selenium to the latest v3 subversion, everything works.

Update: As of the comment below it works with WebDriverManager >=v5.1.0

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.github.bonigarcia</groupId>
            <artifactId>webdrivermanager</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>3.141.59</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.141.59</version>
        </dependency>

Why do I get Exception in thread main java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver ?

This is just an assumption since the pom looks good so far. The part that's a bit suspicious is the jar plugin:

<plugin>
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
      <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
      <version>2.1</version>
      <configuration>
      ...

It looks like you later on try to execute the created jar file with java -jar? In that case all the dependencies you define in the pom will be missing. Either use the dependency-plugin to collect the dependency jar files and use the classpath option when running the jar or use the shade-plugin to create an uber-jar that will contain your classes as well as the dependencies.

Using your pom allowed me to start Chrome, so the dependencies look good. So I think the way you start it causes that exception.

Update: since you use this setup to automate chrome, the shade plugin seems the best way to go. I am able to start chrome with this pom and main class in src/main/java

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>HotRouter</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

<name>HotRouter</name>

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
        <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
        <version>3.141.59</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.14.0</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.4</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>shade</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <transformers>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                <mainClass>org.example.StartMain</mainClass>
                            </transformer>
                        </transformers>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

Main-Class

package org.example;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class StartMain {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:/Program Files/Google/Chrome/Application/chrome.exe");

    ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
  }
}

Then mvn package and java -jar ./target/HotRouter-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar opens chrome. Your config is almost the same (I think only the phase config for the shade plugin is missing)

Its important to have the shade plugin within the <plugins> section of the pom, as it is not part of the default jar life-cycle. The <pluginManagement> section is just there to configure defaults for versions and configuration. See pom reference. So additional plugins will not be automatically enabled if only in that section.

---

Related Topics