Allowing Java to use an untrusted certificate for SSL/HTTPS connection
Here is some relevant code:
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{
new X509TrustManager() {
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
public void checkClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
}
};
// Install the all-trusting trust manager
try {
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
} catch (Exception e) {
}
// Now you can access an https URL without having the certificate in the truststore
try {
URL url = new URL("https://hostname/index.html");
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
}
This will completely disable SSL checking—just don't learn exception handling from such code!
To do what you want, you would have to implement a check in your TrustManager that prompts the user.
Accept server's self-signed ssl certificate in Java client
You have basically two options here: add the self-signed certificate to your JVM truststore or configure your client to
Option 1
Export the certificate from your browser and import it in your JVM truststore (to establish a chain of trust):
<JAVA_HOME>\bin\keytool -import -v -trustcacerts
-alias server-alias -file server.cer
-keystore cacerts.jks -keypass changeit
-storepass changeit
Option 2
Disable Certificate Validation (code from Example Depot):
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[] {
new X509TrustManager() {
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return new X509Certificate[0];
}
public void checkClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
}
};
// Install the all-trusting trust manager
try {
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
}
// Now you can access an https URL without having the certificate in the truststore
try {
URL url = new URL("https://hostname/index.html");
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
}
Note that I do not recommend the Option #2 at all. Disabling the trust manager defeats some parts of SSL and makes you vulnerable to man in the middle attacks. Prefer Option #1 or, even better, have the server use a "real" certificate signed by a well known CA.
Java HTTPS connection with SSL certificate Error
The problem is your Java is not trusting the certificate. You have to import it to your java's truststore.
# Copy the certificate into the directory Java_home\Jre\Lib\Security
# Change your directory to Java_home\Jre\Lib\Security>
# Import the certificate to a trust store.
# Here's the import command:
keytool -import -alias ca -file somecert.cer -keystore cacerts -storepass changeit [Return]
Trust this certificate: [Yes]
changeit is default truststore password.
For every certificate that you imported into your truststore you have to provide a new alias.
The import method is a quote from Here
How to bypass ssl certificate checking in java
Using X509ExtendedTrustManager instead of X509TrustManager() solved the problem. Here's the example:
public void trustAllHosts()
{
try
{
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{
new X509ExtendedTrustManager()
{
@Override
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers()
{
return null;
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType)
{
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType)
{
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] xcs, String string, Socket socket) throws CertificateException
{
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] xcs, String string, Socket socket) throws CertificateException
{
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] xcs, String string, SSLEngine ssle) throws CertificateException
{
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] xcs, String string, SSLEngine ssle) throws CertificateException
{
}
}
};
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
// Create all-trusting host name verifier
HostnameVerifier allHostsValid = new HostnameVerifier()
{
@Override
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session)
{
return true;
}
};
// Install the all-trusting host verifier
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(allHostsValid);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
log.error("Error occurred",e);
}
}
Allow insecure HTTPS connection for Java JDK 11 HttpClient
With Java 11, as well you can do a similar effort as mentioned in the selected answer in the link shared with the HttpClient built as:
HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.connectTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(<timeoutInSeconds> * 1000))
.sslContext(sc) // SSL context 'sc' initialised as earlier
.sslParameters(parameters) // ssl parameters if overriden
.build();
with a sample request
HttpRequest requestBuilder = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(URI.create("https://www.example.com/getSomething"))
.GET()
.build();
can be executed as:
httpClient.send(requestBuilder, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); // sends the request
Update from comments, to disable the hostname verification, currently one can use the system property:
-Djdk.internal.httpclient.disableHostnameVerification
which can be set programmatically as following :-
final Properties props = System.getProperties();
props.setProperty("jdk.internal.httpclient.disableHostnameVerification", Boolean.TRUE.toString());
Whats an easy way to totally ignore ssl with java url connections?
There is a solution at here which gracefully works for me. Just call
SSLUtilities.trustAllHostnames();
SSLUtilities.trustAllHttpsCertificates();
Before your SSL connection.
You can also capture more solution by searching Internet for java ssl trustall.
Here is the copy of that solution (in case of maybe a broken link in future):
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
/**
* This class provide various static methods that relax X509 certificate and
* hostname verification while using the SSL over the HTTP protocol.
*
* @author Francis Labrie
*/
public final class SSLUtilities {
/**
* Hostname verifier for the Sun's deprecated API.
*
* @deprecated see {@link #_hostnameVerifier}.
*/
private static com.sun.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier __hostnameVerifier;
/**
* Thrust managers for the Sun's deprecated API.
*
* @deprecated see {@link #_trustManagers}.
*/
private static com.sun.net.ssl.TrustManager[] __trustManagers;
/**
* Hostname verifier.
*/
private static HostnameVerifier _hostnameVerifier;
/**
* Thrust managers.
*/
private static TrustManager[] _trustManagers;
/**
* Set the default Hostname Verifier to an instance of a fake class that
* trust all hostnames. This method uses the old deprecated API from the
* com.sun.ssl package.
*
* @deprecated see {@link #_trustAllHostnames()}.
*/
private static void __trustAllHostnames() {
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
if(__hostnameVerifier == null) {
__hostnameVerifier = new _FakeHostnameVerifier();
} // if
// Install the all-trusting host name verifier
com.sun.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection.
setDefaultHostnameVerifier(__hostnameVerifier);
} // __trustAllHttpsCertificates
/**
* Set the default X509 Trust Manager to an instance of a fake class that
* trust all certificates, even the self-signed ones. This method uses the
* old deprecated API from the com.sun.ssl package.
*
* @deprecated see {@link #_trustAllHttpsCertificates()}.
*/
private static void __trustAllHttpsCertificates() {
com.sun.net.ssl.SSLContext context;
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
if(__trustManagers == null) {
__trustManagers = new com.sun.net.ssl.TrustManager[]
{new _FakeX509TrustManager()};
} // if
// Install the all-trusting trust manager
try {
context = com.sun.net.ssl.SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
context.init(null, __trustManagers, new SecureRandom());
} catch(GeneralSecurityException gse) {
throw new IllegalStateException(gse.getMessage());
} // catch
com.sun.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection.
setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(context.getSocketFactory());
} // __trustAllHttpsCertificates
/**
* Return true if the protocol handler property java.
* protocol.handler.pkgs is set to the Sun's com.sun.net.ssl.
* internal.www.protocol deprecated one, false
* otherwise.
*
* @return true if the protocol handler
* property is set to the Sun's deprecated one, false
* otherwise.
*/
private static boolean isDeprecatedSSLProtocol() {
return("com.sun.net.ssl.internal.www.protocol".equals(System.
getProperty("java.protocol.handler.pkgs")));
} // isDeprecatedSSLProtocol
/**
* Set the default Hostname Verifier to an instance of a fake class that
* trust all hostnames.
*/
private static void _trustAllHostnames() {
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
if(_hostnameVerifier == null) {
_hostnameVerifier = new FakeHostnameVerifier();
} // if
// Install the all-trusting host name verifier:
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(_hostnameVerifier);
} // _trustAllHttpsCertificates
/**
* Set the default X509 Trust Manager to an instance of a fake class that
* trust all certificates, even the self-signed ones.
*/
private static void _trustAllHttpsCertificates() {
SSLContext context;
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
if(_trustManagers == null) {
_trustManagers = new TrustManager[] {new FakeX509TrustManager()};
} // if
// Install the all-trusting trust manager:
try {
context = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
context.init(null, _trustManagers, new SecureRandom());
} catch(GeneralSecurityException gse) {
throw new IllegalStateException(gse.getMessage());
} // catch
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(context.
getSocketFactory());
} // _trustAllHttpsCertificates
/**
* Set the default Hostname Verifier to an instance of a fake class that
* trust all hostnames.
*/
public static void trustAllHostnames() {
// Is the deprecated protocol setted?
if(isDeprecatedSSLProtocol()) {
__trustAllHostnames();
} else {
_trustAllHostnames();
} // else
} // trustAllHostnames
/**
* Set the default X509 Trust Manager to an instance of a fake class that
* trust all certificates, even the self-signed ones.
*/
public static void trustAllHttpsCertificates() {
// Is the deprecated protocol setted?
if(isDeprecatedSSLProtocol()) {
__trustAllHttpsCertificates();
} else {
_trustAllHttpsCertificates();
} // else
} // trustAllHttpsCertificates
/**
* This class implements a fake hostname verificator, trusting any host
* name. This class uses the old deprecated API from the com.sun.
* ssl package.
*
* @author Francis Labrie
*
* @deprecated see {@link SSLUtilities.FakeHostnameVerifier}.
*/
public static class _FakeHostnameVerifier
implements com.sun.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier {
/**
* Always return true, indicating that the host name is an
* acceptable match with the server's authentication scheme.
*
* @param hostname the host name.
* @param session the SSL session used on the connection to
* host.
* @return the true boolean value
* indicating the host name is trusted.
*/
public boolean verify(String hostname, String session) {
return(true);
} // verify
} // _FakeHostnameVerifier
/**
* This class allow any X509 certificates to be used to authenticate the
* remote side of a secure socket, including self-signed certificates. This
* class uses the old deprecated API from the com.sun.ssl
* package.
*
* @author Francis Labrie
*
* @deprecated see {@link SSLUtilities.FakeX509TrustManager}.
*/
public static class _FakeX509TrustManager
implements com.sun.net.ssl.X509TrustManager {
/**
* Empty array of certificate authority certificates.
*/
private static final X509Certificate[] _AcceptedIssuers =
new X509Certificate[] {};
/**
* Always return true, trusting for client SSL
* chain peer certificate chain.
*
* @param chain the peer certificate chain.
* @return the true boolean value
* indicating the chain is trusted.
*/
public boolean isClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain) {
return(true);
} // checkClientTrusted
/**
* Always return true, trusting for server SSL
* chain peer certificate chain.
*
* @param chain the peer certificate chain.
* @return the true boolean value
* indicating the chain is trusted.
*/
public boolean isServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain) {
return(true);
} // checkServerTrusted
/**
* Return an empty array of certificate authority certificates which
* are trusted for authenticating peers.
*
* @return a empty array of issuer certificates.
*/
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return(_AcceptedIssuers);
} // getAcceptedIssuers
} // _FakeX509TrustManager
/**
* This class implements a fake hostname verificator, trusting any host
* name.
*
* @author Francis Labrie
*/
public static class FakeHostnameVerifier implements HostnameVerifier {
/**
* Always return true, indicating that the host name is
* an acceptable match with the server's authentication scheme.
*
* @param hostname the host name.
* @param session the SSL session used on the connection to
* host.
* @return the true boolean value
* indicating the host name is trusted.
*/
public boolean verify(String hostname,
javax.net.ssl.SSLSession session) {
return(true);
} // verify
} // FakeHostnameVerifier
/**
* This class allow any X509 certificates to be used to authenticate the
* remote side of a secure socket, including self-signed certificates.
*
* @author Francis Labrie
*/
public static class FakeX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
/**
* Empty array of certificate authority certificates.
*/
private static final X509Certificate[] _AcceptedIssuers =
new X509Certificate[] {};
/**
* Always trust for client SSL chain peer certificate
* chain with any authType authentication types.
*
* @param chain the peer certificate chain.
* @param authType the authentication type based on the client
* certificate.
*/
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) {
} // checkClientTrusted
/**
* Always trust for server SSL chain peer certificate
* chain with any authType exchange algorithm types.
*
* @param chain the peer certificate chain.
* @param authType the key exchange algorithm used.
*/
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) {
} // checkServerTrusted
/**
* Return an empty array of certificate authority certificates which
* are trusted for authenticating peers.
*
* @return a empty array of issuer certificates.
*/
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return(_AcceptedIssuers);
} // getAcceptedIssuers
} // FakeX509TrustManager
} // SSLUtilities
JavaFX WebView not working using a untrusted SSL certificate
Finally, I solved my question. You should add this code before loading the website:
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[] {
new X509TrustManager() {
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
public void checkClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
}
};
// Install the all-trusting trust manager
try {
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
}
// Now you can access an https URL without having the certificate in the truststore
try {
URL url = new URL("https://hostname/index.html");
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
}
//now you can load the content:
webEngine.load("https://example.com");
NOTE: This code fragment just disable certificates validation, NOT TRUSTS IT.
Trusting all certificates using HttpClient over HTTPS
Note: Do not implement this in production code you are ever going to use on a network you do not entirely trust. Especially anything going over the public internet.
Your question is just what I want to know. After I did some searches, the conclusion is as follows.
In HttpClient way, you should create a custom class from org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory, not the one org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory
itself. Some clues can be found in this post Custom SSL handling stopped working on Android 2.2 FroYo.
An example is like ...
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
public class MySSLSocketFactory extends SSLSocketFactory {
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
public MySSLSocketFactory(KeyStore truststore) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException, KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException {
super(truststore);
TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
};
sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port, boolean autoClose) throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, port, autoClose);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {
return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket();
}
}
and use this class while creating instance of HttpClient.
public HttpClient getNewHttpClient() {
try {
KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
trustStore.load(null, null);
MySSLSocketFactory sf = new MySSLSocketFactory(trustStore);
sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);
SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));
ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);
return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);
} catch (Exception e) {
return new DefaultHttpClient();
}
}
BTW, the link below is for someone who is looking for HttpURLConnection solution.
Https Connection Android
I have tested the above two kinds of solutions on froyo, and they all work like a charm in my cases. Finally, using HttpURLConnection may face the redirect problems, but this is beyond the topic.
Note: Before you decide to trust all certificates, you probably should know the site full well and won't be harmful of it to end-user.
Indeed, the risk you take should be considered carefully, including the effect of hacker's mock site mentioned in the following comments that I deeply appreciated. In some situation, although it might be hard to take care of all certificates, you'd better know the implicit drawbacks to trust all of them.
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