NetUIHWND and DirectUIHWND
Yes, it has been around for a while already. But it gets especially a lots of usage in Windows7. Unfortunately, they keep this one to themselves, it is undocumented. You can try to reverse-engineer it, use a ListView as a guide to what it might do. But your code will almost certainly break in the next version of Windows. Which I think was the point of not documenting it, they need something they don't have to keep backwards compatible to be able to improve the look-and-feel of the operating system.
Ribbon UI and Desktop Window Manager API on windows
It is not possible to implement ribbon UI yourself on Windows XP since Windows XP does not contain an API for that purpose. Apart from that the ribbon UI internally uses the undocumented NetUI (the class name of the ribbon window is NetUIHWND).
Which language was used to create Windows 8?
Windows is written in C, C++, and some hand-tuned Assembly. For reasons why it is not written in .NET, see this question.
It is not clear which of those languages was used to develop the latest eye candy in Windows 8.
Is there a way for c# to dock onscreen keyboard of windows 10?
osk.exe supports a undocumented command line parameter /dockbottom. However, running osk.exe /dockbottom just places the keyboard at the bottom of your screen, it is not exactly the same as docking. I don't know how far back this parameter works but I confirmed it works in Windows 8 and 10.
I don't think there is a way to actually dock (app bar docking) programmatically. Faking a click on the UI button might work but you would have to use UI Automation because it is not a real button, the whole window is a DirectUIHWND window.
As a hack you can set a REG_DWORD called Dock to 1 under HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Osk and HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Accessibility\ATConfig\osk (this is a volatile key so you must open it as such) while osk.exe is not running. When you start it again it will read the dock setting and start docked.
Note: This docking mode is not available if the screen resolution is set too low.
Windows 8 and later also have a different on-screen-keyboard called the touch keyboard. You can control this keyboard with IFrameworkInputPane.
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