Switch Back/Front Camera on Fly

switch back/front camera on fly

I restart Activity with cameraId = 2 and this is working.

Android Camera2 API switch back - front cameras

What you need to do is introduce new variables:

public static final String CAMERA_FRONT = "1";
public static final String CAMERA_BACK = "0";

private String cameraId = CAMERA_BACK;

remove cameraId local variable from openCamera method.

public void switchCamera() {
    if (cameraId.equals(CAMERA_FRONT)) {
        cameraId = CAMERA_BACK;
        closeCamera();
        reopenCamera();
        switchCameraButton.setImageResource(R.drawable.ic_camera_front);

    } else if (cameraId.equals(CAMERA_BACK)) {
        cameraId = CAMERA_FRONT;
        closeCamera();
        reopenCamera();
        switchCameraButton.setImageResource(R.drawable.ic_camera_back);
    }
}

public void reopenCamera() {
    if (mTextureView.isAvailable()) {
        openCamera(mTextureView.getWidth(), mTextureView.getHeight());
    } else {
        mTextureView.setSurfaceTextureListener(mSurfaceTextureListener);
    }
}

Switch To Front Camera and Back Camera Android SurfaceView

Try below code

mCamera= Camera.open(cameraId);

0 for CAMERA_FACING_BACK

1 for CAMERA_FACING_FRONT

Reference Camera.open(int)

Camera Info Constants

Android: Switch camera when button clicked

Button otherCamera = (Button) findViewById(R.id.OtherCamera);

otherCamera.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (inPreview) {
    camera.stopPreview();
}
//NB: if you don't release the current camera before switching, you app will crash
camera.release();

//swap the id of the camera to be used
if(currentCameraId == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK){
    currentCameraId = Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT;
}
else {
    currentCameraId = Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK;
}
camera = Camera.open(currentCameraId);

setCameraDisplayOrientation(CameraActivity.this, currentCameraId, camera);
try {

    camera.setPreviewDisplay(previewHolder);
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}
camera.startPreview();
}

If you want to make the camera image show in the same orientation as
the display, you can use the following code.

public static void setCameraDisplayOrientation(Activity activity,
         int cameraId, android.hardware.Camera camera) {
     android.hardware.Camera.CameraInfo info =
             new android.hardware.Camera.CameraInfo();
     android.hardware.Camera.getCameraInfo(cameraId, info);
     int rotation = activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay()
             .getRotation();
     int degrees = 0;
     switch (rotation) {
         case Surface.ROTATION_0: degrees = 0; break;
         case Surface.ROTATION_90: degrees = 90; break;
         case Surface.ROTATION_180: degrees = 180; break;
         case Surface.ROTATION_270: degrees = 270; break;
     }

     int result;
     if (info.facing == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) {
         result = (info.orientation + degrees) % 360;
         result = (360 - result) % 360;  // compensate the mirror
     } else {  // back-facing
         result = (info.orientation - degrees + 360) % 360;
     }
     camera.setDisplayOrientation(result);
 }

Unable to Switch Front and Back Camera

I could find a solution to change camera in some seconds(But keep in mind as Alex Cohn said you can't change the camera in 2 seconds because, normally it takes more than 2 seconds to start preview and it depends on the device) by changing your code a little bit. please use below code and check.

Note: I have not implemented any orientation changes and taking picture functions, I Hope you have already developed those functions, in fact you have only asked for changing the camera automatically in some seconds.

I used dialog fragment to show the preview in a dialog. Here is the code for CameraExample

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.CountDownTimer;
import android.support.v4.app.DialogFragment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;

/**
 * Created by Admin on 6/26/2017.
 */

public class CameraExample extends DialogFragment {
    private final static String TAG = "CameraExample";

    private Camera mCamera;
    private CameraPreview mPreview;
    private Context mContext;
    private View view;
    private int mCamId = 0;

    public CameraExample() {

        mPreview = null;
        mContext = getContext();

    }

    // A safe way to get an instance of the Camera object.
    public static Camera getCameraInstance(int cameraId) {
        Camera c = null;
        try {
            // attempt to get a Camera instance
            c = Camera.open(cameraId);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // Camera is not available (in use or does not exist)
            Log.e(TAG, "CameraExample: " + "camera not available (in use or does not exist); " + e.getMessage());
        }
        return c; // returns null if camera is unavailable
    }

    private void initCamera(Context context, int cameraId) {
        // Check if this device has a camera
        if (!context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_CAMERA)) {
            // no camera on this device
            Log.e(TAG, "CameraExample: " + "this device has no camera");
        } else {
            // this device has a camera
            int numCameras = Camera.getNumberOfCameras();
            if (numCameras >= 0) {
                mCamera = getCameraInstance(cameraId);
                if (mCamera != null) {
                    Camera.CameraInfo cameraInfo = new Camera.CameraInfo();
                    Camera.getCameraInfo(cameraId, cameraInfo);
                    try {
                        //Create our Preview view and set it as the content of this LinearLayout View
                        mPreview = new CameraPreview(context, mCamera, cameraId);
                        LinearLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
                        mPreview.setLayoutParams(layoutParams);
                    } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                        Log.e(TAG, "Camera failed to open: " + e.getLocalizedMessage());
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private CountDownTimer countDownTimer;

    private void switchCam() {
        //10 seconds
        countDownTimer = new CountDownTimer(10000, 1000) {

            @Override
            public void onTick(long l) {
                System.out.println(l + " left");
            }

            @Override
            public void onFinish() {
                cleanup();
                startCam();
            }
        }.start();

    }

    private void startCam() {

        initCamera(getContext(), mCamId);
        FrameLayout previewFrame = (FrameLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.preview);
        previewFrame.removeAllViews();
        // Add preview for inflation
        previewFrame.addView(mPreview);

        mCamId = mCamId == 0 ? 1 : 0;

        switchCam();
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
        getDialog().getWindow().setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
//        getDialog().getWindow().setBackgroundDrawableResource(android.R.color.transparent);

        view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.camera_fragment, container, false);
        startCam();
        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        cleanup();
        if (countDownTimer != null)
            countDownTimer.cancel();
    }

    @Override
    public void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        getDialog().getWindow().setLayout(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
    }

    public void cleanup() {
        if (mCamera != null) {
            mCamera.stopPreview();
            mCamera.release();
            mCamera = null;
        }
    }
}

And also I had to change your preview class also. See below for the code.

import android.content.Context;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * Created by Admin on 6/26/2017.
 */

public class CameraPreview  extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {

    private static final String TAG = "CameraPreview";

    private Context mContext;
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    private Camera mCamera;
    private int mCameraId;

    public CameraPreview(Context context, Camera camera, int cameraId) {
        super(context);
        mContext = context;
        mCamera = camera;
        mCameraId = cameraId;

        // Install a SurfaceHolder.Callback so we get notified when the
        // underlying surface is created and destroyed.
        mHolder = getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        // The Surface has been created, now tell the camera where to draw the preview.
        try {
            mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
            mCamera.startPreview();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "CameraExample: " + "Error setting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        // empty. Take care of releasing the Camera preview in your activity.
        // stop preview before making changes
        try {
            mCamera.stopPreview();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // ignore: tried to stop a non-existent preview
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
        // If your preview can change or rotate, take care of those events here.
        // Make sure to stop the preview before resizing or reformatting it.

        if (mHolder.getSurface() == null) {
            // preview surface does not exist
            return;
        }

    }
} 

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