T-SQL - Insert Data into Parent and Child Tables

T-SQL - Insert Data into Parent and Child Tables

Here is my solution (based on the same answer I've linked to in the comments):

First, you must add another column to your UDT, to hold a temporary ID for the employee:

CREATE TYPE dbo.tEmployeeData AS TABLE 
(
     FirstName NVARCHAR(50),
     LastName NVARCHAR(50),
     DepartmentType NVARCHAR(10),
     DepartmentBuilding NVARCHAR(50),
     DepartmentEmployeeLevel NVARCHAR(10),
     DepartmentTypeAMetadata NVARCHAR(100),
     DepartmentTypeBMetadata NVARCHAR(100),
     EmployeeId int
)
GO

Populating it with that new employeeId column:

DECLARE @tEmployeeData tEmployeeData

INSERT INTO @tEmployeeData (FirstName, LastName, DepartmentType,
                            DepartmentBuilding, DepartmentEmployeeLevel,
                            DepartmentTypeAMetadata, DepartmentTypeBMetadata, EmployeeId)
SELECT  
    N'Tom_FN', N'Tom_LN', N'A',
    N'101', N'IV', N'Tech/IT', NULL, 5
UNION
SELECT  
    N'Mike_FN', N'Mike_LN', N'B',
    N'OpenH', N'XII', NULL, N'Med', 6
UNION
SELECT  
    N'Joe_FN', N'Joe_LN', N'A',
    N'101', N'IV', N'Tech/IT', NULL, 7
UNION
SELECT  
    N'Dave_FN', N'Dave_LN', N'B',
    N'OpenC', N'XII', NULL, N'Lab', 8

Insert part goes here

Then, you use a table variable to map the inserted value from the employee table to the temp employee id in the data you sent to the procedure:

DECLARE @EmployeeidMap TABLE
(
    temp_id int,
    id int
)

Now, the trick is to populate the employee table with the MERGE statement instead of an INSERT...SELECT because you have to use values from both inserted and source data in the output clause:

MERGE INTO @MainEmployee USING @tEmployeeData AS sourceData ON 1 = 0 -- Always not matched
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (FirstName, LastName)
VALUES (sourceData.FirstName, sourceData.LastName)
OUTPUT sourceData.EmployeeId, inserted.EmployeeID 
INTO @EmployeeidMap (temp_id, id); -- populate the map table

From that point on it's simple, you need to join the data you sent to the @EmployeeidMap to get the actual employeeId:

INSERT INTO @ParentEmployeeDepartment (EmployeeID, DepartmentType)
SELECT Id, DepartmentType
FROM @tEmployeeData 
INNER JOIN @EmployeeidMap ON EmployeeID = temp_id

Now you can use the data in @ParentEmployeeDepartment to map the actual values in ParentEmployeeDepartmentID to the data you sent:

Testing the inserts so far

SELECT FirstName,
     LastName,
     SentData.DepartmentType As [Dept. Type],
     DepartmentBuilding As Building,
     DepartmentEmployeeLevel As [Emp. Level],
     DepartmentTypeAMetadata As [A Meta],
     DepartmentTypeBMetadata As [B Meta],
     SentData.EmployeeId As TempId, EmpMap.id As [Emp. Id], DeptMap.ParentEmployeeDepartmentID As [Dept. Id]
FROM @tEmployeeData SentData
INNER JOIN @EmployeeidMap EmpMap ON SentData.EmployeeId = temp_id 
INNER JOIN @ParentEmployeeDepartment DeptMap ON EmpMap.id = DeptMap.EmployeeID

results:

FirstName   LastName    Dept. Type  Building    Emp. Level  A Meta      B Meta  TempId      Emp. Id     Dept. Id
---------   --------    ----------  --------    ----------  ------      ------  ------      ----------- -----------
Dave_FN     Dave_LN     B           OpenC       XII         NULL        Lab     8           1           1
Joe_FN      Joe_LN      A           101         IV          Tech/IT     NULL    7           2           2
Mike_FN     Mike_LN     B           OpenH       XII         NULL        Med     6           3           3
Tom_FN      Tom_LN      A           101         IV          Tech/IT     NULL    5           4           4

I'm sure that from this point you can easily figure out the last 2 inserts yourself.

Bulk insert operation into Parent and Child table in SQL

For bulk insert from an Excel file to a database if you want to have a performant application follow this approach.

1. First of all, create a temp table corresponding to your Excel file columns and one more column with the name of InsertionKey.

2. Insert all your input data from excel with the same InsertionKey (generate a new GUID) and all your Excel rows will have the same key. (Use Entity Framework BulkInsertAsync or SqlBulkCopy for bulk insert. You also can check my GitHub repo for benchmarking BulkInsert in .Net)

3. After data is inserted, send the GUID as a parameter to a stored procedure

Now, you can easily process all your inserted data by fetching them from the temp table with the key.

Example:

Your excel file columns:

Item1   Red      25
Item2   Black    32
Item3   Orange   44

Generate a new Guid before bulk insert

var insertionKey = Guid.NewGuid();

Now bulk insert into DB:

Item1   Red      25    insertionKey
Item2   Black    32    insertionKey
Item3   Orange   44    insertionKey

Now call the stored procedure with the Insertionkey

YourStoredProcedure(Insertionkey)

Inside the stored procedure:

select *  
into #temp 
from temptable 
where insertionKey = insertionKeyParameter

Here you can read inserted rows and after that process them as you want.

Postgresql Simultaneous Insert into Parent/Child Table

I would solve that by creating a view for students:

CREATE VIEW v_student AS
SELECT person.id, person.name, student.grade
FROM person
   JOIN student
      ON person.id = student.person_id
WHERE person.kind = 'student';

and an INSTEAD OF INSERT trigger:

CREATE FUNCTION ins_student() RETURNS trigger
   LANGUAGE plpgsql AS
$$DECLARE
   v_id integer;
BEGIN
   INSERT INTO person (kind, name)
      VALUES ('student', NEW.name)
      RETURNING id INTO v_id;

   INSERT INTO student (person_id, grade)
      VALUES (v_id, NEW.grade);

   RETURN NEW;
END;$$;

CREATE TRIGGER ins_student INSTEAD OF INSERT ON v_student
   FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION ins_student();

That can be used like this:

INSERT INTO v_student (name, grade)
SELECT name, grade FROM tmp_table
WHERE kind = 'student';

TABLE person;

 id │  kind   │ name  
════╪═════════╪═══════
  1 │ student │ Chris
  2 │ student │ Lara
  3 │ student │ Izzy
(3 rows)

TABLE student;

 person_id │ grade 
═══════════╪═══════
         1 │     2
         2 │     1
         3 │     3
(3 rows)

Insert into parent-child tables in SQL Server

You can use the SCOPE_IDENTITY() function to retrieve the last inserted auto-increment ID:

DECLARE @new_parent_id INT

INSERT INTO MyParent(...) VALUES(...) -- your new parent data

SELECT @new_parent_id = SCOPE_IDENTITY()

INSERT INTO MyChild(parent_id, ...) VALUES(@new_parent_id, ...)

Is this what you mean?

EDIT:

You can indeed pass in all your data at once with ADO.NET and SQL Server 2008 using Table Valued Parameters:

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb675163.aspx

You could pass in your parent and child data as two tables to your stored procedure, then use a cursor to loop through your parents, inserting one, getting the generated ID, then inserting all its children before proceeding to the next parent.

This would probably be the most efficient solution, potentially requiring only a single call to the database, and if you have a large amount of data to insert, or if you think you can reuse this SP in other places in you solution, then this might be the way to go.

However, I think that inserting the records one-by-one from the client application is a cleaner and certainly a simpler way of achieving what you want.

Insert into parent and child table at same time in MySQL

insert into `size` (title, price) values ("bla", 12.23);
insert into `category` (title, sizeid) values ("blo", LAST_INSERT_ID());

Copying parent and child tables in SQL

What I ended up doing was creating a temp table with both new and old IDs that I could reference like so:

CREATE TABLE #TempParent(OldParentID, NewParentID, ParentData)

INSERT INTO #TempParent
SELECT(ParentID, newid(), ParentData)
FROM OtherDB.dbo.Parent

INSERT INTO Parent(ParentID, ParentData)
SELECT(NewParentID, ParentData)
FOM #TempParent

INSERT INTO Child(ParentID, ChildData)
SELECT p.NewParentID, c.ChildData
FROM OtherDB.dbo.Child c
LEFT JOIN #TempParent p ON p.OldParentID = c.ParentID

DROP TABLE #TempParent

And that works. I'm sure there's a much more elegant way to do this, though.

Insert on a child table and update FK on parent

I figured out in the meantime how to do it. Applied on the database, the query looks like this:

DECLARE @Temp TABLE (ImageId INT, Id INT)

MERGE INTO Translation USING 
  (
  SELECT Image.Name AS Name, Image.Id AS ImageId
  FROM Candidate
  INNER JOIN Candidacy ON Candidate.Id = Candidacy.CandidateId
  INNER JOIN Election ON Candidacy.ElectionId = Election.Id
  INNER JOIN SmartVoteCandidate ON Candidate.Id = SmartVoteCandidate.CandidateId
  INNER JOIN Image ON SmartVoteCandidate.SpiderImageId = Image.Id
  WHERE Election.Id = 1575) AS temp ON 1 = 0
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
  INSERT (De)
  VALUES (temp.Name)
  OUTPUT temp.ImageId, INSERTED.Id
  INTO @Temp (ImageId, Id);

UPDATE Image
SET Image.TranslationId = t.Id, Name = NULL
FROM @Temp t
WHERE Image.Id = t.ImageId

The solution is heavily inspired by

• Is it possible to for SQL Output clause to return a column not being inserted?
• Using a join in a merge statement

insert new sequential records into child table for each record of parent table

Something like this should get what you want.

Note I added it with a LEFT JOIN so you could use ISNULL in case the parent record isn't in t2 yet.

INSERT INTO t2 (parent_id, record_number)
SELECT
    A.id,
    ISNULL(MAX(B.record_number), 0) + 1
FROM t1 A 
LEFT JOIN t2 B 
ON      A.id = B.parent_id
GROUP BY 
    A.id

As an aside, generating a record number could be done effectively using the ROW_NUMBER() function. Here is an example. Perhaps you have specific reasons why it needs to be persisted to the table, but if not this could be useful as well to calculate it on the fly.

SELECT
    *,
    ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY parent_id ORDER BY id)
FROM t2 
ORDER BY parent_id, record_number

Note it assumes you have an "id" column in t2, or something else to order the records by

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