Brew Installation of Python 3.6.1: [Ssl: Certificate_Verify_Failed] Certificate Verify Failed

brew installation of Python 3.6.1: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed

It seems that, for some reason, Brew has not run the Install Certificates.command that comes in the Python3 bundle for Mac. The solution to this issue is to run the following script (copied from Install Certificates.command) after brew install python3:

# install_certifi.py
#
# sample script to install or update a set of default Root Certificates
# for the ssl module.  Uses the certificates provided by the certifi package:
#       https://pypi.python.org/pypi/certifi

import os
import os.path
import ssl
import stat
import subprocess
import sys

STAT_0o775 = ( stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR | stat.S_IXUSR
             | stat.S_IRGRP | stat.S_IWGRP | stat.S_IXGRP
             | stat.S_IROTH |                stat.S_IXOTH )

def main():
    openssl_dir, openssl_cafile = os.path.split(
        ssl.get_default_verify_paths().openssl_cafile)

    print(" -- pip install --upgrade certifi")
    subprocess.check_call([sys.executable,
        "-E", "-s", "-m", "pip", "install", "--upgrade", "certifi"])

    import certifi

    # change working directory to the default SSL directory
    os.chdir(openssl_dir)
    relpath_to_certifi_cafile = os.path.relpath(certifi.where())
    print(" -- removing any existing file or link")
    try:
        os.remove(openssl_cafile)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        pass
    print(" -- creating symlink to certifi certificate bundle")
    os.symlink(relpath_to_certifi_cafile, openssl_cafile)
    print(" -- setting permissions")
    os.chmod(openssl_cafile, STAT_0o775)
    print(" -- update complete")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

urllib and SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED Error

If you just want to bypass verification, you can create a new SSLContext. By default newly created contexts use CERT_NONE.

Be careful with this as stated in section 17.3.7.2.1

When calling the SSLContext constructor directly, CERT_NONE is the default. Since it does not authenticate the other peer, it can be insecure, especially in client mode where most of time you would like to ensure the authenticity of the server you’re talking to. Therefore, when in client mode, it is highly recommended to use CERT_REQUIRED.

But if you just want it to work now for some other reason you can do the following, you'll have to import ssl as well:

input = input.replace("!web ", "")      
url = "https://domainsearch.p.mashape.com/index.php?name=" + input
req = urllib2.Request(url, headers={ 'X-Mashape-Key': 'XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX' })
gcontext = ssl.SSLContext()  # Only for gangstars
info = urllib2.urlopen(req, context=gcontext).read()
Message.Chat.SendMessage ("" + info)

This should get round your problem but you're not really solving any of the issues, but you won't see the [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] because you now aren't verifying the cert!

To add to the above, if you want to know more about why you are seeing these issues you will want to have a look at PEP 476.

This PEP proposes to enable verification of X509 certificate signatures, as well as hostname verification for Python's HTTP clients by default, subject to opt-out on a per-call basis. This change would be applied to Python 2.7, Python 3.4, and Python 3.5.

There is an advised opt out which isn't dissimilar to my advice above:

import ssl

# This restores the same behavior as before.
context = ssl._create_unverified_context()
urllib.urlopen("https://no-valid-cert", context=context)

It also features a highly discouraged option via monkeypatching which you don't often see in python:

import ssl

ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context

Which overrides the default function for context creation with the function to create an unverified context.

Please note with this as stated in the PEP:

This guidance is aimed primarily at system administrators that wish to adopt newer versions of Python that implement this PEP in legacy environments that do not yet support certificate verification on HTTPS connections. For example, an administrator may opt out by adding the monkeypatch above to sitecustomize.py in their Standard Operating Environment for Python. Applications and libraries SHOULD NOT be making this change process wide (except perhaps in response to a system administrator controlled configuration setting).

If you want to read a paper on why not validating certs is bad in software you can find it here!

SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED error with python3 on macOS 10.15

The problem is that /usr/bin/python3 (from either Xcode or CLT) fails to correctly locate the trust store in /etc/ssl, as we can see using ssl.get_default_verify_paths():

$ /usr/bin/python3 -c 'import ssl; print(ssl.get_default_verify_paths())'
DefaultVerifyPaths(cafile=None, capath=None, openssl_cafile_env='SSL_CERT_FILE', openssl_cafile='/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.7/etc/ssl/cert.pem', openssl_capath_env='SSL_CERT_DIR', openssl_capath='/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.7/etc/ssl/certs')

It's looking into /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.7/etc/ssl, which doesn't exist.

Knowing this, we can use the following hack:

$ sudo rsync -avzP /etc/ssl/ /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.7/etc/ssl/

I've submitted a bug report to Apple (btw, just realized bugreport.apple.com is now gone, and I had to use the Feedback Assistant website). Open radar https://openradar.appspot.com/7111585 (that radar number is unfortunately wrong — since bugreport.apple.com is gone, I don't have a radar number anymore, only a feedback number FB7111585).

SSL Request Failed - Python OSX

There should be no need to either re-install Python nor pip.

From https://stackoverflow.com/a/42098127/6018688

Just browse to Applications/Python 3.6 and double-click Install Certificates.command

The location for the Install Certificates.command might differ for python installations by brew.

There are other Questions/Answers around certificates and openssl in this environment here, here and here

Update: The permission denied error clearly points to the lack of permissions for the install. This answer and its comments suggesting the use of sudo and sudo with the -H flag may help you solve the issue: https://stackoverflow.com/a/49953581/6018688

Scraping: SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED error for http://en.wikipedia.org

Once upon a time I stumbled with this issue. If you're using macOS go to Macintosh HD > Applications > Python3.6 folder (or whatever version of python you're using) > double click on "Install Certificates.command" file. :D

mnist_784 download fails with CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED (Even after installing certifi)

To whom it may concern in the future:

I was able to find the root cause of this issue- I was using a proxy (Zscaler) which causes an issue with the CA certificates. Once the proxy was disabled I was able to run my code smoothly

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