$(Document).Ready Equivalent Without Jquery

$(document).ready equivalent without jQuery

There is a standards based replacement,DOMContentLoaded that is supported by over 99% of browsers, though not IE8:

document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { 
  //do work
});

jQuery's native function is much more complicated than just window.onload, as depicted below.

function bindReady(){
    if ( readyBound ) return;
    readyBound = true;

    // Mozilla, Opera and webkit nightlies currently support this event
    if ( document.addEventListener ) {
        // Use the handy event callback
        document.addEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", function(){
            document.removeEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", arguments.callee, false );
            jQuery.ready();
        }, false );

    // If IE event model is used
    } else if ( document.attachEvent ) {
        // ensure firing before onload,
        // maybe late but safe also for iframes
        document.attachEvent("onreadystatechange", function(){
            if ( document.readyState === "complete" ) {
                document.detachEvent( "onreadystatechange", arguments.callee );
                jQuery.ready();
            }
        });

        // If IE and not an iframe
        // continually check to see if the document is ready
        if ( document.documentElement.doScroll && window == window.top ) (function(){
            if ( jQuery.isReady ) return;

            try {
                // If IE is used, use the trick by Diego Perini
                // http://javascript.nwbox.com/IEContentLoaded/
                document.documentElement.doScroll("left");
            } catch( error ) {
                setTimeout( arguments.callee, 0 );
                return;
            }

            // and execute any waiting functions
            jQuery.ready();
        })();
    }

    // A fallback to window.onload, that will always work
    jQuery.event.add( window, "load", jQuery.ready );
}

What is the non-jQuery equivalent of '$(document).ready()'?

This does not answer the question nor does it show any non-jQuery code. See @ sospedra's answer below.

The nice thing about $(document).ready() is that it fires before window.onload. The load function waits until everything is loaded, including external assets and images. $(document).ready, however, fires when the DOM tree is complete and can be manipulated. If you want to acheive DOM ready, without jQuery, you might check into this library. Someone extracted just the ready part from jQuery. Its nice and small and you might find it useful:

domready at Google Code

How to know when page is ready without using jQuery (alternative way)?

You can use the DOMContentLoaded event.

document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
   // ...
});

Note that in older IEs you need workarounds, some use the readystatechange event if I recall correctly.

javascript:how to write $(document).ready like event without jquery

This is the way jQuery wraps the functions you're looking for - the snippet does not need jQuery, and is cross-browser compatible. I've replaced all calls to jQuery.ready() with yourcallback - which you need to define.

What goes on in here:

• first, the function DOMContentLoaded is defined, which will be used when the DOMContentLoaded event fires - it ensures that the callback is only called once.
• a check if the document is already loaded - if yes, fire the callback right away
• otherwise sniff for features (document.addEventListener / document.attachEvent) and bind the callbacks to it (different for IE and normal browsers, plus the onload callback)

Lifted from jQuery 1.4.3, functions bindReady() and DOMContentLoaded:

/*
* Copyright 2010, John Resig
* Dual licensed under the MIT or GPL Version 2 licenses.
* http://jquery.org/license
*/
// Cleanup functions for the document ready method
// attached in the bindReady handler
if ( document.addEventListener ) {
DOMContentLoaded = function() {
    document.removeEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", DOMContentLoaded, false );
    //jQuery.ready();
            yourcallback();
};

} else if ( document.attachEvent ) {
DOMContentLoaded = function() {
    // Make sure body exists, at least, in case IE gets a little overzealous 
            if ( document.readyState === "complete" ) {
        document.detachEvent( "onreadystatechange", DOMContentLoaded );
        //jQuery.ready();
                    yourcallback();
    }
    };
}

// Catch cases where $(document).ready() is called after the
// browser event has already occurred.
if ( document.readyState === "complete" ) {
    // Handle it asynchronously to allow scripts the opportunity to delay ready
//return setTimeout( jQuery.ready, 1 );
    // ^^ you may want to call *your* function here, similarly for the other calls to jQuery.ready
    setTimeout( yourcallback, 1 );
}

// Mozilla, Opera and webkit nightlies currently support this event
if ( document.addEventListener ) {
    // Use the handy event callback
document.addEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", DOMContentLoaded, false );
// A fallback to window.onload, that will always work
//window.addEventListener( "load", jQuery.ready, false );
    window.addEventListener( "load", yourcallback, false );
 // If IE event model is used
 } else if ( document.attachEvent ) {
        // ensure firing before onload,
        // maybe late but safe also for iframes
        document.attachEvent("onreadystatechange", DOMContentLoaded);

        // A fallback to window.onload, that will always work
        window.attachEvent( "onload", yourcallback );

 }

That's 51 lines of pure JavaScript code, just to register the event reliably. As far as I know, there is no easier method. Goes to show what the wrappers like jQuery are good for: they wrap the capability sniffing and ugly compatibility issues so that you can focus on something else.

$(document).ready equivalent without jQuery

There is a standards based replacement,DOMContentLoaded that is supported by over 99% of browsers, though not IE8:

document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { 
  //do work
});

jQuery's native function is much more complicated than just window.onload, as depicted below.

function bindReady(){
    if ( readyBound ) return;
    readyBound = true;

    // Mozilla, Opera and webkit nightlies currently support this event
    if ( document.addEventListener ) {
        // Use the handy event callback
        document.addEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", function(){
            document.removeEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", arguments.callee, false );
            jQuery.ready();
        }, false );

    // If IE event model is used
    } else if ( document.attachEvent ) {
        // ensure firing before onload,
        // maybe late but safe also for iframes
        document.attachEvent("onreadystatechange", function(){
            if ( document.readyState === "complete" ) {
                document.detachEvent( "onreadystatechange", arguments.callee );
                jQuery.ready();
            }
        });

        // If IE and not an iframe
        // continually check to see if the document is ready
        if ( document.documentElement.doScroll && window == window.top ) (function(){
            if ( jQuery.isReady ) return;

            try {
                // If IE is used, use the trick by Diego Perini
                // http://javascript.nwbox.com/IEContentLoaded/
                document.documentElement.doScroll("left");
            } catch( error ) {
                setTimeout( arguments.callee, 0 );
                return;
            }

            // and execute any waiting functions
            jQuery.ready();
        })();
    }

    // A fallback to window.onload, that will always work
    jQuery.event.add( window, "load", jQuery.ready );
}

Vanilla JavaScript equivalent of jQuery's $.ready() - how to call a function when the page/DOM is ready for it

The simplest thing to do in the absence of a framework that does all the cross-browser compatibility for you is to just put a call to your code at the end of the body. This is faster to execute than an onload handler because this waits only for the DOM to be ready, not for all images to load. And, this works in every browser.

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
Your HTML here

<script>
// self executing function here
(function() {
   // your page initialization code here
   // the DOM will be available here

})();
</script>
</body>
</html>

---

For modern browsers (anything from IE9 and newer and any version of Chrome, Firefox or Safari), if you want to be able to implement a jQuery like $(document).ready() method that you can call from anywhere (without worrying about where the calling script is positioned), you can just use something like this:

function docReady(fn) {
    // see if DOM is already available
    if (document.readyState === "complete" || document.readyState === "interactive") {
        // call on next available tick
        setTimeout(fn, 1);
    } else {
        document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", fn);
    }
}    

Usage:

docReady(function() {
    // DOM is loaded and ready for manipulation here
});

---

If you need full cross browser compatibility (including old versions of IE) and you don't want to wait for window.onload, then you probably should go look at how a framework like jQuery implements its $(document).ready() method. It's fairly involved depending upon the capabilities of the browser.

To give you a little idea what jQuery does (which will work wherever the script tag is placed).

If supported, it tries the standard:

document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', fn, false);

with a fallback to:

window.addEventListener('load', fn, false )

or for older versions of IE, it uses:

document.attachEvent("onreadystatechange", fn);

with a fallback to:

window.attachEvent("onload", fn);

And, there are some work-arounds in the IE code path that I don't quite follow, but it looks like it has something to do with frames.

---

Here is a full substitute for jQuery's .ready() written in plain javascript:

(function(funcName, baseObj) {
    // The public function name defaults to window.docReady
    // but you can pass in your own object and own function name and those will be used
    // if you want to put them in a different namespace
    funcName = funcName || "docReady";
    baseObj = baseObj || window;
    var readyList = [];
    var readyFired = false;
    var readyEventHandlersInstalled = false;

    // call this when the document is ready
    // this function protects itself against being called more than once
    function ready() {
        if (!readyFired) {
            // this must be set to true before we start calling callbacks
            readyFired = true;
            for (var i = 0; i < readyList.length; i++) {
                // if a callback here happens to add new ready handlers,
                // the docReady() function will see that it already fired
                // and will schedule the callback to run right after
                // this event loop finishes so all handlers will still execute
                // in order and no new ones will be added to the readyList
                // while we are processing the list
                readyList[i].fn.call(window, readyList[i].ctx);
            }
            // allow any closures held by these functions to free
            readyList = [];
        }
    }

    function readyStateChange() {
        if ( document.readyState === "complete" ) {
            ready();
        }
    }

    // This is the one public interface
    // docReady(fn, context);
    // the context argument is optional - if present, it will be passed
    // as an argument to the callback
    baseObj[funcName] = function(callback, context) {
        if (typeof callback !== "function") {
            throw new TypeError("callback for docReady(fn) must be a function");
        }
        // if ready has already fired, then just schedule the callback
        // to fire asynchronously, but right away
        if (readyFired) {
            setTimeout(function() {callback(context);}, 1);
            return;
        } else {
            // add the function and context to the list
            readyList.push({fn: callback, ctx: context});
        }
        // if document already ready to go, schedule the ready function to run
        if (document.readyState === "complete") {
            setTimeout(ready, 1);
        } else if (!readyEventHandlersInstalled) {
            // otherwise if we don't have event handlers installed, install them
            if (document.addEventListener) {
                // first choice is DOMContentLoaded event
                document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", ready, false);
                // backup is window load event
                window.addEventListener("load", ready, false);
            } else {
                // must be IE
                document.attachEvent("onreadystatechange", readyStateChange);
                window.attachEvent("onload", ready);
            }
            readyEventHandlersInstalled = true;
        }
    }
})("docReady", window);

The latest version of the code is shared publicly on GitHub at https://github.com/jfriend00/docReady

Usage:

// pass a function reference
docReady(fn);

// use an anonymous function
docReady(function() {
    // code here
});

// pass a function reference and a context
// the context will be passed to the function as the first argument
docReady(fn, context);

// use an anonymous function with a context
docReady(function(context) {
    // code here that can use the context argument that was passed to docReady
}, ctx);

---

This has been tested in:

IE6 and up
Firefox 3.6 and up
Chrome 14 and up
Safari 5.1 and up
Opera 11.6 and up
Multiple iOS devices
Multiple Android devices

Working implementation and test bed: http://jsfiddle.net/jfriend00/YfD3C/

---

Here's a summary of how it works:

1. Create an IIFE (immediately invoked function expression) so we can have non-public state variables.
2. Declare a public function docReady(fn, context)
3. When docReady(fn, context) is called, check if the ready handler has already fired. If so, just schedule the newly added callback to fire right after this thread of JS finishes with setTimeout(fn, 1).
4. If the ready handler has not already fired, then add this new callback to the list of callbacks to be called later.
5. Check if the document is already ready. If so, execute all ready handlers.
6. If we haven't installed event listeners yet to know when the document becomes ready, then install them now.
7. If document.addEventListener exists, then install event handlers using .addEventListener() for both "DOMContentLoaded" and "load" events. The "load" is a backup event for safety and should not be needed.
8. If document.addEventListener doesn't exist, then install event handlers using .attachEvent() for "onreadystatechange" and "onload" events.
9. In the onreadystatechange event, check to see if the document.readyState === "complete" and if so, call a function to fire all the ready handlers.
10. In all the other event handlers, call a function to fire all the ready handlers.
11. In the function to call all the ready handlers, check a state variable to see if we've already fired. If we have, do nothing. If we haven't yet been called, then loop through the array of ready functions and call each one in the order they were added. Set a flag to indicate these have all been called so they are never executed more than once.
12. Clear the function array so any closures they might be using can be freed.

Handlers registered with docReady() are guaranteed to be fired in the order they were registered.

If you call docReady(fn) after the document is already ready, the callback will be scheduled to execute as soon as the current thread of execution completes using setTimeout(fn, 1). This allows the calling code to always assume they are async callbacks that will be called later, even if later is as soon as the current thread of JS finishes and it preserves calling order.

Vanilla JavaScript instead of jQuery - ready, on, click and end selector

Use addEventListener instead of on:

document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {
  document.body.addEventListener('click', function (e) {
    if (e.target.matches("[id$='someId']")) {
      console.log(e.target.value);
    }
  });
});

The event delegation makes it a bit more complex, but it should do the trick.

Why does normal javascript do not need $(document).ready like jQuery?

1) Since the script tag are usually added at the end of the body tag, shouldn't the DOM already finished loading anyway without the ready method.

Yes you are right, if script tag is added add the end of the body, you do not need to wrap your code with $(document).ready() as the DOM elements are already available to use in the code.

2) If we need the ready method in jQuery, why do we not need it when writing usual JavaScript too?

The jQuery equivalent of $(document).ready() is DOMContentLoaded

The DOMContentLoaded event fires when the initial HTML document has been completely loaded and parsed, without waiting for stylesheets, images, and subframes to finish loading.

Please Note: You can also use script defer attribute

This Boolean attribute is set to indicate to a browser that the script is meant to be executed after the document has been parsed, but before firing DOMContentLoaded.

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